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Figure 10 Methods of heating the emulsion.
When heating is used for emulsion treatment, the bulk of the free
water must be removed prior to the application of heat (as described in
Chapter 4). The remaining water would be mostly emulsified water and
some free water that was not separated (water droplets of 500 mmand
smaller). In estimating the total amount of heat required for the treatment
(q), we should account for the heat transferred to the water (q w ) along with
that transferred to the oil (q o ). Further, we should also account for the
heat losses (q l ). These could be estimated using Eqs. (2) and (3) as follows:
q ¼ 15
Q c ð TÞ ð6Þ
o
o o
o
Copyright 2003 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
