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IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SIXTH EDITION Preface

• Students often find that they can solve the problems for a section if they work the
problems immediately after studying that section, but when they are faced with an
exam that contains problems from a few chapters, they have trouble. To give prac-
tice on dealing with this situation, I have added review problems at the ends of
Chapters 3, 6, 9, 12, 16, 19, and 21, where each set of review problems covers
about three chapters.

REVIEW PROBLEMS
R3.1 For a closed system, give an example of each of the fol- R3.2 State what experimental data you would need to look up
lowing. If it is impossible to have an example of the process, to calculate each of the following quantities. Include only the
state this. (a) An isothermal process with q 0. (b) An adia- minimum amount of data needed. Do not do the calculations.
batic process with T 0. (c) An isothermal process with (a) U and H for the freezing of 653 g of liquid water at 0°C
U 0. (d) A cyclic process with S 0. (e) An adiabatic and 1 atm. (b) S for the melting of 75 g of Na at 1 atm and its
process with S 0. (f) A cyclic process with w 0. normal melting point. (c) U and H when 2.00 mol of O 2 gas

• One aim of the new edition is to avoid the increase in size that usually occurs with
each new edition and that eventually produces an unwieldy text. To this end,
Chapter 13 on surfaces was dropped. Some of this chapter was put in the chapters
on phase equilibrium (Chapter 7) and reaction kinetics (Chapter 16), and the rest
was omitted. Sections 4.2 (thermodynamic properties of nonequilibrium systems),
10.5 (models for nonelectrolyte activity coefficients), 17.19 (nuclear decay), and
21.15 (photoelectron spectroscopy) were deleted. Some material formerly in these
sections is now in the problems. Several other sections were shortened.
• The book has been expanded and updated to include material on nanoparticles
(Sec. 7.6), carbon nanotubes (Sec. 23.3), polymorphism in drugs (Sec. 7.4),
diffusion-controlled enzyme reactions (Sec. 16.17), prediction of dihedral angles
(Sec. 19.1), new functionals in density functional theory (Sec. 19.10), the new
semiempirical methods RM1, PM5, and PM6 (Sec. 19.11), the effect of nuclear
spin on rotational-level degeneracy (Sec. 20.3), the use of protein IR spectra to
follow the kinetics of protein folding (Sec. 20.9), variational transition-state
theory (Sec. 22.4), and the Folding@home project (Sec. 23.14).

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The following people provided reviews for the sixth edition: Jonathan E. Kenny, Tufts
University; Jeffrey E. Lacy, Shippensburg University; Clifford LeMaster, Boise State
University; Alexa B. Serfis, Saint Louis University; Paul D. Siders, University of
Minnesota, Duluth; Yan Waguespack, University of Maryland, Eastern Shore; and
John C. Wheeler, University of California, San Diego.
Reviewers of previous editions were Alexander R. Amell, S. M. Blinder, C. Allen
Bush, Thomas Bydalek, Paul E. Cade, Donald Campbell, Gene B. Carpenter, Linda
Casson, Lisa Chirlian, Jefferson C. Davis, Jr., Allen Denio, James Diamond, Jon
Draeger, Michael Eastman, Luis Echegoyen, Eric Findsen, L. Peter Gold, George D.
Halsey, Drannan Hamby, David O. Harris, James F. Harrison, Robert Howard, Darrell
Iler, Robert A. Jacobson, Raj Khanna, Denis Kohl, Leonard Kotin, Willem R. Leenstra,
Arthur Low, John P. Lowe, Jack McKenna, Howard D. Mettee, Jennifer Mihalick,
George Miller, Alfred Mills, Brian Moores, Thomas Murphy, Mary Ondrechen, Laura
Philips, Peter Politzer, Stephan Prager, Frank Prochaska, John L. Ragle, James Riehl,