Page 103 - Piston Engine-Based Power Plants

94 Index

F O
Four-stroke engines, 22 24, 26 28, 27f Octane rating of gasoline, 14 16
diesel engine, 51t Organic Rankine cycle (ORC), 71, 77
spark ignition engines, 35 Otto, Nikolaus August, 6 7
Free piston engines, 21 22, 30 31, 66 67 Otto cycle, 6 7, 26 30, 36 38, 37f
power generation, applications
of, 70 P
types of, 67 69, 67f,68f,69f Papin, Denis, 3 4
Fuel costs, 89 90 Particulates emission, 81, 83 84
Fuel preparation Pescara, Raúl Pateras, 66 67
spark ignition engine, 38 42, 40f Pescara Auto-compressor Company, 66 67
Piston crankshaft linkage, 25f
G Piston engine power plants, 1
Gasoline (petrol), 13 economics of, 87
Piston engines, 1 See also individual entries
H drawbacks of, 3
history of, 3 7
Hautefeuille, Jean de, 3 range of, 1 2
Heat resources of engine, 73 75, 74f size of, 1
Huygens, Christiaan, 3
Power generation installations, 7 11
Reciprocating engine. See also Piston engines
I annual capacity of, 8 9, 9t
Internal combustion engine, 22 26 annual installations, breakdown of, 10 11, 10t
four-stroke, 27 28, 27f cogeneration systems, 72 73
six-stroke, 29 30 emissions, origin of, 80 82
two-stroke, 28 29, 32f fuel and energy resources for, 13
Internal combustion reciprocating engines, 2 global, 7 11
power plants, environmental impact of, 79
K types of, 21
Knocking, 14 15 Rotary engines, 31
Rotating crankshaft engine, 21 22
L S
Langen, Eugen, 6
Sandia National Laboratory, United States, 69
Lenoir, Jean Joseph Etienne, 6
Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system, 83
Levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), 89 90,
Six-stroke engines, 29 30
92
Size of engine, 31 33, 33t
Line generators, 69
Solar energy, 65
Liquefied natural gas (LNG), 13
Spark ignition engine, 2, 22 26, 23f,35
Liquefied propane gas (LPG), 13, 18 19
dual fuel engines, 43, 44f
four-stroke, 35, 36f
N fuel preparation and combustion, 38 42, 40f
Naphtha, 15 16 fundamentals of, 36 38
cracking of, 16 natural gas-fired, 42 43
Natural gas, 19 power applications for, 45
engines, 9 10 two-stroke, 35, 44 45
-fired spark ignition engines, Speed control
42 43 diesel engine, 53 54
liquefied, 13 Speed of engine, 31 33, 33t
Newcomen, Thomas, 3 4 Stirling, Robert, 60
Newcomen engine, 4 5, 4f Stirling engines, 2, 14, 19 20, 60
Nitrogen oxides emissions, 80 83, 81t CHP systems, 75, 91
Nuclear power, 65 configurations for, 60