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20                                            Power Up Your Mind

                                  towns. We lay out road networks. We create languages and number
                                  systems. Interestingly, this very positive attribute can also limit our
                                  potential  when  certain  patterns  become  ingrained  and  we  conse-
                                  quently become resistant to change.

                            4     The brain loves to imitate


                                  Allied to pattern making is the brain’s capacity for imitation. Until a
                                  synaptic connection has been made there is no “knowledge,” except
                                  what we are born with. The most efficient way for connections to be
                                  established is by watching what others do and copying them. So, we
                                  learn to speak and talk when we are young by watching and listening
                                  to others. We learn many social customs by observation.
                                        The  capacity  of  the  brain  to  mimic  others  is  important.
                                  “Sitting next to Nellie,” as it is sometimes called, is a great way to
                                  learn.  The  use  of  role  models  and  modeling  certain  behaviors  at
                                  home and at work are powerful methods of passing on learning. In
                                  the workplace, coaches help to accelerate this process of intelligent
                                  imitation. In most families, much of the learning takes the form of
                                  copying other family members.

                            5     The brain does not perform well under too much
                                  stress


                                  Your brain has evolved from the bottom upward. The most primi-
                                  tive functions are at the bottom of your brain, the brain stem. It is
                                  here that rapid decisions of life and death are taken, those normally
                                  referred to as “fight or flight.” If your reptilian brain and cerebellum
                                  perceive a major threat to your survival, they have to act fast. In
                                  practice, they trigger the release of chemicals like adrenaline and
                                  noradrenaline  (also  known  as  epinephrine  and  norepinephrine),
                                  which put your body into a state of heightened arousal. Either your
                                  arms and legs begin to fight your attacker or your legs start to move
                                  rapidly as you flee from the scene.
                                        When your brain is under severe stress, it can only think of
                                  survival. Blood and energy that would otherwise be available for
                                  higher-order thinking in your mammalian and learning brains are
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