Page 267 - Principles of Catalyst Development

258 APPENDIX 5
3.6.5. By alkyl halide (C-X rupture with formation of hydrogen halide)
Aromatic:
CoH6 + C 2HsCI = C 6 HsC 2H, + HCI
3.7. Alkylation. The replacement of an organic hydrogen by an an alkyl
radical.
Aliphatic:

C 4 H to + 2C .. Hs = C SHI8
Aromatic:
C 6 HsCH] + C 2 H 4 = C 6 H 4(CH])C 2 Hs
C 6 HsC 2H, + C 2H4 = CoH SC 4H9
3.8. Intermolecular rearrangement.
Aliphatic:
C 7 H I6 + C .. HIO = C SHI2 + C6HI4
2C 4H IO + C 3H6 = C 8HIH + C 3 HR
Alicyclic:

CoHl2 + 3C2H4 = CoH6 + 3CzH6
4. Isotopic exchange
4.1. Deuterium. The rupture of a H-H, 0-0, H-D, X-H, or X-D bond.
Hydrogen:
Hz + D2 = 2HD
Alkane:

CH 4 + CD 4 = 2CH2D 2
Alkene:
CH 2 : CHD + CH2: CHCH 1 = CH 2 : CH 2 + CH 3CH: CHD
Inorganic:
NH] + NO] = HN2D + HND2
4.2. Oxygen

MxO~6 + H 20 18 = MxO~8 + H 20 16
4.3. Nitrogen
I4
Ni4 + N~5 = 2N N 15
4.4. Carbon
CHC H 20H + CO + 3H 2 = CH]C H 2CH] + 2H 20
I4
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