Page 12 - Refining Biomass Residues for Sustainable Energy and Bioproducts

xii Contents

22.2 Marine waste and their chemical composition 482
22.3 Marine waste disintergation techniques 488
22.4 Marine waste processed for bio-based product 493
22.5 Current status and future outlook 500
22.6 Conclusion 500
References 500

Part VII Life cycle assessment of waste biorefinery
models 509

23. Comparative life-cycle analysis of synthetic detergents and
biosurfactants—an overview 511
Sharrel Rebello, A.N Anoopkumar, Raveendran Sindhu,
Parameswaran Binod, Ashok Pandey and
Embalil Mathachan Aneesh
23.1 Introduction 511
23.2 Life-cycle analysis—an overview 512
23.3 Merits and demerits of life-cycle analysis 513
23.4 Industrial production and life-cycle analysis of synthetic
surfactants 514
23.5 Industrial production and life-cycle analysis of biosurfactants 517
23.6 Conclusion 518
Acknowledgment 519
References 519
24. Life cycle assessment, technical and economical analyses of jatropha
biodiesel for electricity generation in remote areas of cˆ ote d’Ivoire 523
Atta Pascal Atta, Alphonse Diango, Yao N’Guessan,
Georges Descombes, Ce ´line Morin and Anne Jaecker-Voirol
24.1 Ivorian electricity sector 523
24.2 Jatropha curcas presentation 524
24.3 Aim of the study 526
24.4 Methods and assumptions 527
24.5 Results 535
24.6 Results interpretation 538
References 541

Part VIII Economics and cost analysis of waste
biorefineries 543

25. Economics and cost analysis of waste biorefineries 545
Kondusamy Dhamodharan, Saumya Ahlawat, Mehak Kaushal and
Karthik Rajendran
25.1 Introduction 545