Page 346 - Refining Biomass Residues for Sustainable Energy and Bioproducts
P. 346
Pretreatment of agroindustry waste by ozonolysis for synthesis of biorefinery products 315
Figure 14.5 ATR FTIR spectra of ozonated wheat straw (Ka ´da ´r et al., 2015). ATR-FTIR,
Attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared.
primary cell wall and release cellulose microfibrils. According to de Barros Rda
et al. (2013), the porous structure was generated by the increase of surface area by
ozone where enzymes could better contact the cellulose polymer chain, leading to
increased saccharification yield. The washing step is shown to have a destructive
effect on ozonated products where the acid soluble lignin and hemicellulose were
leached (Travaini et al., 2015). Ka ´da ´r et al (2015) stated that the SEM shows that
the degradation of waxes at the surface of wheat straw decreased as the ozone con-
sumption increased.
14.3 Products from lignocellulosic biomass waste
The pretreatment process discussed in the previous section unlocks the cellulose
polymer buried inside the lignocellulosic composite material. Cellulose is a highly
productive material with the potential to be used for a variety of applications. The
polymer, in addition to being used as is, could also be transformed into many other
