Page 373 - Refining Biomass Residues for Sustainable Energy and Bioproducts

Bioenergy generation from 15

agricultural wastes and
enrichment of end products

Goutam Kishore Gupta and Monoj Kumar Mondal
Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology
(Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India

15.1 Introduction

India is an agricultural country and also among the emerging economies of the
world with rapid industrialization, urbanizations, and globalizations. At the same
time the population of the country has been increasing at an alarming rate and also
there is a progression in the standard of living of the people as compared to previ-
ous years. This has led to enormous per capita energy requirement as well as a
huge amount of waste generation (Guan et al., 2015). The technological advance-
ment and the rising crude oil prices along with the population growth have created
surmounting pressure on the available energy resources, that is, fossil fuels (coal,
petroleum, and natural gas) (Fig. 15.1) and it is an eminent truth that most of the
developing countries, such as India, are dependent on its available energy resources.
The main source of energy in India is coal followed by petrol and natural gas. The
source-wise energy consumption in India in the year 2014 15 is presented in
Fig. 15.2. In the present scenario, India is unable to fulfill the gap between demand

20000
16000
Mega Joules 12000

8000

4000
0

Year
Figure 15.1 Per capita energy consumption in India.
Source: Energy Statics 2016. (accessed 12.01.19).
Refining Biomass Residues for Sustainable Energy and Bioproducts. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818996-2.00015-6
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