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308  Notes

              117 Hendershot (2004); and Clark (2003) (specifically with regard to teen culture,
                 pp. 229–31).
              118 A judgment that is undergoing change in the context of US religious politics
                 post-2004. See Chapter 8 for a discussion.
              119 Roof (1999).
              120 Roof (1999), p. 197.
              121 Rosenthal (2001).


              4 Articulating life and culture in the media age
               1 Ultimately, of course, the process of theory-building in most areas of media
                 studies has always involved an interaction between the “quantitative/empiri-
                 cist” and “qualitative/interpretivist” camps. As should be obvious from the
                 discussions in this book, the field of media and religion studies is no different.
               2 Christopher Lasch (1977) Haven in a Heartless World: The Family Besieged,
                 New York: Basic Books.
               3 David Gauntlett and Annette Hill (1999)  TV Living: Television Culture and
                 Everyday Life, London: Routledge and the British Film Institute, particularly
                 pp. 283–93. For an important and substantive study in the US context focused
                 specifically on television and children, see Ellen Seiter (1999).
               4 Stewart M. Hoover, Lynn Schofield Clark, and Diane F. Alters, with Joseph G.
                 Champ and Lee Hood (2004) Media, Home, and Family, New York: Routledge.
               5 Hoover et al. (2004), p. 172.
               6 Hoover et al. (2004), p. 22.
               7 Hoover et al. (2004), p. 27.
               8 James Lull (1991) Inside Family Television, London: Routledge.
               9 David Morley (1992)  Television, Audiences, and Cultural Studies, London:
                 Routledge.
              10 Elihu Katz and Tamar Liebes (1985) “Mutual aid in the decoding of Dallas:
                 preliminary notes from a cross-cultural study,” in Phillip Drummond and
                 Richard Paterson (eds)  Television in Transition: Papers from the First
                 International Television Studies Conference, London: British Film Institute.
              11 This is most provocatively understood in relation to Pierre Bourdieu’s ideas
                 about taste and class, and the way in which taste can and does act as marker in
                 social relationships. (Pierre Bourdieu (1984) Distinction: A Social Critique of
                 the Judgment of Taste, trans. Richard Nice, Cambridge, MA: Harvard
                 University Press.)
              12 Gauntlett and Hill (1999), p. 128.
              13 James Carey (1989)  Communication as Culture, Boston: Unwin-Hyman,
                 pp. 28–9.
              14 Ellen Seiter (1999).  Television and New Media Audiences, Oxford: Oxford
                 University Press, p. 58.
              15 Hoover et al. (2004), op cit.
              16 Festinger (1957); see also Neighbour (1992).
              17 Gauntlett and Hill (1999), p. 291.
              18 I am indebted to Roger Silverstone for an early influence on my thinking about
                 the utility of narrative in media research, though his work focused on text
                 rather than audience. See Roger Silverstone, “Television myth and culture,” in
                 James Carey (ed.) (1998) Media, Myths and Narratives, Television and the
                 Press, Newbury Park, CA: Sage, pp. 32–3.
              19 Wade Clark Roof (1999)  Spiritual Marketplace: Baby Boomers and the
                 Remaking of American Religion, Princeton: Princeton University Press, p. 217.
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