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sight sensors (see light sensors (sight))
                        signal conditioning, 60-63
                                                                 construction/operation of, 215
                        silicon life, 18
                                                                 electrical circuit of, 223-224
                                                                 first stepper circuit for, 222-223
                        smart bombs, 11                        stepper motors (Cont.):
                        “smart” weaponry, 11                     first test circuit and program, 224-225
                        SMAs (shaped memory alloys), 43          half-stepping with, 215-217, 216
                        smell sensors, 94-96, 95, 96             microcontrollers for, 229-232, 230, 231
                        Sojourner, 4-7, 6                        in movement and drive systems, 47,
                        solar cells (see photovoltaic cells)         47-49, 49
                        solar engines, 24-29, 25, 27, 29         parts list for, 232
                        solar-ball robots, 247-257, 248, 249     real-world applications of, 271-218
                         assembly of, 255, 257                   resolution of, 215
                         construction of, 250-252, 250-253       second test circuit and program, 225-228,
                         electronics for, 253-255, 254, 255          228, 229
                         gearbox for, 247-250, 249, 252          troubleshooting, 228-229
                         higher behavior module for, 256, 256    UCN-5804 integrated circuit, 219, 219-
                         improvements to, 255-256                    222, 221, 229-232
                         locomotion in, 255                    stereo-vision, 208-210
                         parts list for                        stimulus-response mechanism, 165 (See also
                        solar-powered battery charger, 38          behavioral-based robotics)
                        solar-powered robots, 23-24            STMs (scanning tunneling microscopes), 10
                        solenoid air valve, 311, 312           Strouhal number, 261
                        solenoids, 45-46, 46 (See also rotary  “stuffing the board,” 7
                           solenoids)                          submarines, 262, 262-263, 263
                        sound sensors, 86-90                   submersibles, 1
                        Sparko, 2                              subsumption architecture, 22, 101, 165 (See
           330          speech control (robotic arm), 294-298, 295  also behavioral-based robotics)
                        speech recognition sensors, 85         supercomputer capabilities, 16
                        speech-controlled mobile robot, 143-163,  suppliers list, 323
                           155                                 surgery, robots used in, 10
                         acoustic coupling for, 153, 154       switches:
                         general speech-recognition interfacing  bumper, 177, 177, 178, 178
                             circuit for, 155-161, 156, 160, 161  photoresistive light switch, 64
                         improving word recognition in, 160      reading, with artificial intelligence, 120-
                         interface circuit in, 152-155, 153, 154,    122, 120-122
                             162-163                             in sensors, 92
                         matching environment and equipment in,  tilt, 81, 81-82
                             160, 162
                         speech-recognition circuit in, 143-152,   T
                             162                               tails, for swimming, 263-266, 265
                         training and controlling, 154         T-bot (see telepresence robot)
                         walkie-talkies used in, 153           telepresence flight control systems, 269-270
                        speech-recognition circuit (SRC), 143-152,  telepresence remotely operated vehicles
                           162                                     (TROVs), 259, 260
                         building, 146-152, 149-152            telepresence robot (T-bot), 201-212
                         listening by, 144-145                   cameras in, 205-208
                         parts list for, 162                     construction of, 205-208, 206-208
                         speaker-dependent/independent, 145      controls for, 208
                         and styles of speech, 145-146           definition of, 201
                        SRC (see speech-recognition circuit)     digital compass in, 210
                        statistical networks, 21                 eyes for, 204-205, 205
                        stepper motors, 214-232, 217, 218, 224   improvements to, 208-212


            Index                                      Team LRN
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