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Exercises 61

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EXERCISES
Section 2.1
2.1 A hydrocarbon stream in a petroleum refinery is to be sepa- 2.2 In petroleum refineries, a mixture of paraffins and cycloparaf-
rated at 1,500 kPa into two products under the conditions shown fins is commonly reformed in a fixed-bed catalytic reactor to pro-
below. Using the data given, compute the minimum work of sepa- duce blending stocks for gasoline and aromatic precursors for
ration, Wmi,, in W/h for To = 298.15 K. making petrochemicals. A typical multicomponent product from
catalytic reforming is a mixture of ethylbenzene with the three
kmollh xylene isomers. If this mixture is separated, these four chemicals
can then be subsequently processed to make styrene, phthalic an-
Component Feed Product 1 hydride, isophthalic acid, and terephthalic acid. Compute, using the
following data, the minimum work of separation in Btuh for
Ethane 30 30
To = 560°R if the mixture below is separated at 20 psia into three
Propane 200 192 products.
n-Butane 370 4
Split Fraction (SF)

Feed, Product Product Product
Feed Product 1 Product 2 Component IbmoYh 1 2 3
Phase condition Liquid Vapor Liquid Ethylbenzene 150
Temperature, K 364 313 394 p-Xylene 190
Enthalpy, Who1 19,480 25,040 25,640 m-Xylene 430
Entropy, Whol-K 36.64 33.13 54.84 o-Xylene 230