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11 - PROJECT RISK MANAGEMENT

11.5.1.1 Risk Management Plan

See Section 11.5.1.1 of the PMBOK Guide.
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11.5.1.2 Risk Register

See Section 11.5.1.2 of the PMBOK Guide.
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11.5.2 Plan Risk Responses: Tools and Techniques

The tools and techniques for planning risk responses in Section 11.5.2 of the PMBOK Guide are applicable for
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software projects with the additional considerations in Section 11.5.2.5 of this Software Extension.

11.5.2.1 Strategies for Negative Risks or Threats

See Section 11.5.2.1 of the PMBOK Guide.
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11.5.2.2 Strategies for Positive Risks or Opportunities

See Section 11.5.2.2 of the PMBOK Guide.
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11.5.2.3 Contingent Response Strategies

See Section 11.5.2.3 of the PMBOK Guide.
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11.5.2.4 Expert Judgment

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See Section 11.5.2.4 of the PMBOK Guide.

11.5.2.5 Additional Considerations

In addition to the tools and techniques for planning risk responses in Section 11.5.2 of the PMBOK Guide,
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risk-based testing assesses the probability of elements of the software being defective and the consequences of
those defects. Where the probability and consequence are high, that element is tested more extensively. Where the
probability and consequence are low, that element is either tested less extensively or not tested at all. This allows
the limited testing resources to be focused on providing the highest benefit.

Risk leverage factors (RLF) may be calculated for various risks as an aid to planning software project risk
responses by calculating the risk exposure of an untreated risk (RE = probability × impact), risk exposure after
ut
treatment (RE = residual probability × impact) and including the cost of the risk treatment, RT , where all three
c
at
factors are expressed in monetary terms:
RLF = [RE − RE ]/RT
ut at c

©2013 Project Management Institute. Software Extension to the PMBOK Guide Fifth Edition 207
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