Page 449 - Solid Waste Analysis and Minimization a Systems Approach

POTENTIAL TECHNOLOGIES AND STRATEGIES 427

■ Plastics containing halogenated flame retardants—During incineration/combustion
of the plastics halogenated flame retardants can produce toxic components.
■ Equipment containing Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)—Present in the foam and the
refrigerating circuit must be properly extracted and destroyed.
■ Gas discharge lamps—Mercury has to be removed.

The manufacturing process for semiconductor devices is a complex operation that
involves physical and chemical processes such as: oxidation, photolithography, etching,
doping, and metallization. These processes generated solid wastes, usually in the form
of contaminated metals.

33.4 Potential Technologies

and Strategies

The State of California has been a large supporter of environmental efforts in the semi-
conductor field. California’s Department of Toxic Substance Control (DTSC); the
Office of Pollution Prevention and Technology Development (OPPTD); and the
Semiconductor Environmental, Safety, and Health Association (SESHA) co-sponsored
a mini-conference bringing DTSC and semiconductor facilities together to share
pollution-prevention strategies and provide the industry with the latest regulatory
updates.
The conference provided companies with opportunities to further reduce hazardous
waste generation by sharing various waste minimization approaches. Conference topics
included

■ Industrial Ecology: Promises and Challenges—Waste of one facility can be a
raw material for another. A Kalundborg, Sweden case study was presented, not-
ing how five industrial businesses collaborated for mutual economic and envi-
ronmental benefit.
■ Waste Minimization: Is it Cost Effective during Decommissioning and
Decontamination?—Facilities should identify the tasks and decisions to be made
at each step of the decommissioning process to identify savings from waste
minimization.
■ Chemical Management Services in the Silicon Valley—Chemical management serv-
ices provide a strategic, long-term benefit that contract with a service provider to
supply and manage the customer’s chemicals and related services. The provider’s
compensation is tied primarily to quantity and quality of services delivered, not
chemical volume. These chemical services are often performed more effectively
and at a lower cost than companies can do themselves. This approach provides an
excellent source-reduction opportunity.
■ Senate Bill 14 Update—Source-reduction measures implemented by semiconduc-
tor facilities as reported in the latest Senate Bill 14 documents were discussed with