Page 8 - stephen covey The seven habits of highly effective people

THE SEVEN HABITS OF HIGHLY EFFECTIVE PEOPLE Brought to you by FlyHeart

more and more that much of the success literature of the past 50 years was superficial. It was filled
with social image consciousness, techniques and quick fixes -- with social band-aids and aspirin that
addressed acute problems and sometimes even appeared to solve them temporarily -- but left the
underlying chronic problems untouched to fester and resurface time and again.
In stark contrast, almost all the literature in the first 150 years or so focused on what could be called
the character ethic as the foundation of success -- things like integrity, humility, fidelity, temperance,
courage, justice, patience, industry, simplicity, modesty, and the Golden Rule. Benjamin Franklin's
autobiography is representative of that literature. It is, basically, the story of one man's effort to
integrate certain principles and habits deep within his nature.
The character ethic taught that there are basic principles of effective living, and that people can only
experience true success and enduring happiness as they learn and integrate these principles into their
basic character.
But shortly after World War I the basic view of success shifted from the character ethic to what we
might call the personality ethic. Success became more a function of personality, of public image, of
attitudes and behaviors, skills and techniques, that lubricate the processes of human interaction. This
personality ethic essentially took two paths: one was human and public relations techniques, and the
other was positive mental attitude (PMA). Some of this philosophy was expressed in inspiring and
sometimes valid maxims such as "Your attitude determines your altitude," "Smiling wins more friends
than frowning," and "Whatever the mind of man can conceive and believe it can achieve.
Other parts of the personality approach were clearly manipulative, even deceptive, encouraging
people to use techniques to get other people to like them, or to fake interest in the hobbies of others to
get out of them what they wanted, or to use the "power look," or to intimidate their way through life.
Some of this literature acknowledged character as an ingredient of success, but tended to
compartmentalize it rather than recognize it as foundational and catalytic. Reference to the character
ethic became mostly lip service; the basic thrust was quick-fix influence techniques, power strategies,
communication skills, and positive attitudes.
This personality ethic, I began to realize, was the subconscious source of the solutions Sandra and I
were attempting to use with our son. As I thought more deeply about the difference between the
personality and character ethics, I realized that Sandra and I had been getting social mileage out of our
children's good behavior, and, in our eyes, this son simply didn't measure up. Our image of ourselves,
and our role as good, caring parents was even deeper than our image of our son and perhaps influenced
it. There was a lot more wrapped up in the way we were seeing and handling the problem than our
concern for our son's welfare.
As Sandra and I talked, we became painfully aware of the powerful influence of our character and
motives and of our perception of him. We knew that social comparison motives were out of harmony
with our deeper values and could lead to conditional love and eventually to our son's lessened sense of
self-worth. So we determined to focus our efforts on us -- not on our techniques, but on our deepest
motives and our perception of him. Instead of trying to change him, we tried to stand apart -- to
separate us from him -- and to sense his identity, individuality, separateness, and worth.
Through deep thought and the exercise of faith and prayer, we began to see our son in terms of his
own uniqueness. We saw within him layers and layers of potential that would be realized at his own
pace and speed. We decided to relax and get out of his way and let his own personality emerge. We
saw our natural role as being to affirm, enjoy, and value him. We also conscientiously worked on our
motives and cultivated internal sources of security so that our own feelings of worth were not
dependent on our children's "acceptable" behavior.
As we loosened up our old perception of our son and developed value-based motives, new feelings
began to emerge. We found ourselves enjoying him instead of comparing or judging him. We
stopped trying to clone him in our own image or measure him against social expectations. We