Page 414 - The Creative Training Idea Book Inspired Tips and Techniques for Engaging and Effective Learning

lucas app 1 11/20/02 1:14 PM Page 403
Glossary of Terms 403
Role-play is a learning technique in which learners masses in the middle of the brain. The main pur-
assume roles based on realistic events or situations pose of the thalamus is sensory signal relay to the
to practice and hone knowledge and skills that cortex and for outgoing motor signals from it.
they can use outside the classroom.
Theory X and theory Y were developed by Douglas
Self-talk is the term given to the intrapersonal mes- McGregor and focus on what motivates people and
sages people give themselves as they think about human behavior. He suggested two assumptions
an issue or situation. Such messages are influenced about people in the workplace. Theory X assumes
by memory, personality, values, beliefs, and how a that people inherently dislike work and avoid it
person feels about himself or herself. when they can. Theory Y assumes that people like
work and believe that the mental and physical
Spatial thinking occurs in the right posterior region
nature of work is fun and enjoyable.
of the brain and is where perceptions of ideas or
objects and the ability to manipulate and rotate Threats are intimidating actions or words that imply
them occur. intent to cause harm, injury, or loss to someone.
Storyboarding involves developing an idea, con- Training agreement refers to either a handout
cept, or theme by assembling a series of small or flip-charted list of roles that trainees and the
images, words, or ideas on separate pieces of paper trainer will assume during a training session. Such
on a wall or other surface. The individual parts col- agreements aid in a smoother running training
lectively form a larger image or solution, similar to program because everyone knows and has agreed
the way comic strips form a complete message. on basic role guidelines.
Subculture is a group within a culture that has its Two-factor theory was developed by Frederick
own distinct language, beliefs, behavior, or charac- Herzberg and was derived from Abraham Maslow’s
teristic patterns that distinguish it from the parent hierarchy of needs theory of motivation. In the
group, for example, an American who is also Jewish theory Herzberg defines hygiene factors as being
or gay. outside the job (e.g., pay or benefits). While the
presence of these factors can cause unhappiness
Subordinate clauses, also dependent clauses, are
on the job, their presence does not necessarily
parts of speech in the English language that do not
motivate workers. Herzberg also defined motivators
express a complete thought and cannot stand alone
or intrinsic factors that can lead to job satisfaction
as a sentence.
(e.g., achievement, recognition, responsibility, or
Syntax refers to the structure of words, phrases,
the possibility of growth).
clauses, or sentences to form meaningful language
Wall talk is a form of practicing for a group pres-
or communication.
entation by standing in front of a blank wall and
Tangible rewards are physical items that a person
making your comments along with gestures, just as
might receive to induce behavioral change, such as
you plan to do in class. Using a sterile background
toys, stickers, candy, or other small prize.
eliminates distractions while allowing you to hear
Temporal lobes of the brain are located on the left the sound of your voice as it comes back to you.
and right side of the cerebrum and are tasked with
White noise is a low-frequency sound or hissing
such functions as processing sounds, language
that is intentionally pumped into large training
meaning, and some memory.
rooms and cubicle-type work areas to deaden or
Thalamus lies beneath the cerebrum and connects mask noise and conversations.
it to the brain stem. It consists of two gray tissue