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THE WHY OF WORK


        intangible assets that investors pay attention to, the firm
        brand to which customers can relate, and the culture that
        shapes employee behavior. These capabilities also become
        the identity of the firm, the deliverables of HR practices, and
        the keys to implementing business strategy. An organization’s
        capabilities are rooted in its values and reflect its reputation
        or brand.
           We have generated a list of capabilities an organization
        might have and examples of companies that demonstrate
        them, shown in Table 3.1. It is not hard to see that the indi-
        vidual strengths listed in Figures 3.2 and 3.3 can also show
        up in corporate identities. Within an organization, pockets
        of functional expertise may need different strengths. Your
        leadership challenge is to align capabilities with strategies,
        evolve capabilities, and make sure management actions rein-
        force key capabilities.
           Abundant organizations not only help individuals deploy
        and use their personal identity—they shape organizations
        with a clear identity. When those who work in the orga-
        nization bring their different skills to bear on a common
        problem, there is diversity with unity. These organizations
        avoid groupthink by valuing different perspectives and
        strengths, but also they coalesce individual interests into
        shared organizational goals.
           As a leader, you can commission capability audits to
        determine which of the capabilities are most critical to your
        organization’s reaching its goals. For example, consumer
        product firms thrive on product innovation. These firms
        need to replace old products with new and improved ones in
        a timely way. Firms in more cost-competitive industries like
        retail need to build their efficiency capabilities. Walmart’s




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