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11: Worldwide Green IT Case Studies 195

all those shared resource solutions. Many IT service companies in Turkey
continue to sell dedicated solutions but will undoubtedly converge on shared
resource virtual systems based on competition. Since 2006, IBM Turkey has
made IT virtualization (the green IT approach) its standard for outsourcing
of managed services.

The Istanbul Green IT Data Center Solution for Cost-
Saving
The Istanbul green IT data center solution is based on IT virtualization
techniques for server, disk, and network. At the same time, the solution pro-
vided the opportunity to extend the shared solutions to system monitoring,
system management, and backup and recovery, all of which are now part of
the standard data center service. The standard High Available (HA) UNIX
systems at the data center require virtual servers on two separate physical
servers, two different SAN switches, and at least one SAN disk and one tape
library system. This typical UNIX solution requires a minimum of 3.1 kW
electric power, not including other necessary systems like monitoring, sys-
ptg
tem management, and backup and recovery. If we looked at CO2 emissions
using the UK-based recommended conversion procedure, this solution would
release 1 kg of CO2 every hour to the atmosphere. In 2008, the cost per
KWH in Turkey is approximately 15 cents. Using that 2008 electricity cost,
the HA UNIX system would require a daily electricity cost of about $12
(U.S.), without considering the other services such as monitoring and
backup.
The IBM Istanbul IT team used the information on CO2 emissions to
compare a dedicated UNIX system with a UNIX system based on IT virtual-
ization. Figure 11.7 shows a comparison of kW and CO2 emissions for a one,
two, and three HA UNIX server solution using the dedicated physical server
approach versus the virtual server approach. The results in Figure 11.7
include estimates for system monitoring, management and backup, and
recovery. The IT team calculated that the virtual IT system would emit 0.25
kg CO2 per day for the monitoring, and so on, compared to 1.0 kg CO2 a
day with the dedicated HA UNIX system used at the Istanbul data center in
2006 prior to the migration to virtual IT systems. Note that the calculation
shown in Figure 11.7 was done only for the HA UNIX solution.