Page 51 - Urban water supply handbook

URBAN WATER INFRASTRUCTURE: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

1.50 HISTORY, PLANNING, OUTSOURCING

FIGURE 1.37 Typical baked clay pipe found in Ephesus. (Photo by Larry W. Mays and copy-
right by Larry W. Mays)

was then used to transport the water from the main castellum to a secondary castel-
lum or water tower when the secondary castellum was raised to the top of a brick
pier. From the water tower (secondary castellum) lead pipes were used to branch the
supply to individual customers and to public fountains for the domestic supply.

1.4.1 Pompeii
The Greco-Roman city of Pompeii is located on the bay of Naples, south-south-
east of Mt. Vesuvius in Italy. Pompeii is one of the most significant proofs of the
magnificence of Roman civilization that was originally founded by Greek
colonists probably around the ninth to eighth century B.C. The city was influenced
by others including the Etruscans for almost 50 years (until 474 B.C.), after which
it came back under Greek rule. During the fifth century it came part of the Samnite
area of expansion and saw tremendous growth. Pompeii became under the influ-
ence of Rome after three long and bitter wars around 290 B.C. In 80 B.C. it became
a Roman colony with the name of Colonia Cornelia Veneria Pompeii. Pompeii
had a flourishing economy and widespread affluence after it became a colony but
later experienced a devastating earthquake in about 62 A.D. A few years later on
August 24, A.D. 79, Mt. Vesuvius erupted and destroyed the city.

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