Page 5 - Vogel's TEXTBOOK OF QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS

CONTENTS

2.14 Dissociation of polyprotic acids 33
2.15 Common-ion effect 34
2.16 The ionic product of water 36
2.17 The hydrogen ion exponent 38
2.18 The hydrolysis of salts 40
2.19 Hydrolysis constant and degree of hydrolysis 42
2.20 Buffer solutions 46
2.21 Complex ions 49
2.22 Complexation 51
2.23 Stability of complexes 52
2.24 Metal ion buffers 53
2.25 Factors influencing the stability of complexes 53
2.26 Complexones 55
2.27 Stability constants of EDTA complexes 58
2.28 Electrode potentials 60
2.29 Concentration cells 63
2.30 Calculation of the e.m.f. of a voltaic ce11 64
2.31 Oxidation-reduction cells 64
2.32 Calculation of the standard reduction potential 65
2.33 Equilibrium constants of oxidation-reduction reactions 67

CHAPTER 3 COMMON APPARATUS AND BASIC TECHNIQUES 71

3.1 Introduction 71
BALANCES
3.2 The analytical balance 72
3.3 Other balances 74
3.4 Weights, reference masses 75
3.5 Care and use of analytical balances 75
3.6 Errors in weighing 76
GRADUATED GLASSWARE
3.7 Units of volume 78
3.8 Graduated apparatus 79
3.9 Temperature standard 80
3.10 Graduated flasks 81
3.11 Pipettes 81
3.12 Burettes 84
3.13 Weight burettes 86
3.14 Piston burettes 87
3.15 Graduated (measuring) cylinders 87
3.16 Calibration of volumetric apparatus 87
WATER FOR LABORATORY USE
3.17 Purified water 89
3.18 Wash bottles 91
GENERAL APPARATUS
3.19 Glassware, ceramics, plastic ware 92