Page 9 - Vogel's TEXTBOOK OF QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS

CONTENTS
PART D TITRIMETRY AND GRAVIMETRY 255

CHAPTER 10 TlTRlMETRlC ANALYSIS

10.1 Titrimetric analysis 257
10.2 Classification of reactions in titrimetric analysis 258
10.3 Standard solutions 259
10.4 Equivalents, normalities and oxidation numbers 260
10.5 Preparation of standard solutions 260
10.6 Primary and secondary standards 260
NEUTRALISATION TlTRATlONS
10.7 Neutralisation indicators 262
10.8 Preparation of indicator solutions 266
10.9 Mixed indicators 267
10.10 Universal or multiple range indicators 268
10.1 1 Neutralisation curves 269
10.12 Neutralisation of a strong acid with a strong base 269
10.13 Neutralisation of a weak acid with a strong base 272
10.14 Neutralisation of a weak base with a strong acid 274
10.15 Neutralisation of a weak acid with a weak base 275
10.16 Neutralisation of a polyprotic acid with a strong base 276
10.17 Titration of anions of weak acids with strong acids:
'displacement titrations' 277
10.18 Choice of indicators in neutralisation reactions 280
10.19 Titrations in non-aqueous solvents 281
10.20 Solvents for non-aqueous titrations 283
10.21 Indicators for non-aqueous titrations 283
10.22 Preparation of a standard acid 284
10.23 Preparation of constant boiling point hydrochloric acid 285
10.24 Direct preparation of 0.1M hydrochloric acid from the
constant boiling point acid 285
10.25 Preparation of approximately 0.1M hydrochloric acid and
standardisation 286
10.26 Preparation of standard alkali 289
10.27 Standardisation of approximately 0.1M sodium hydroxide 292
10.28 Other standard substances for acidimetry and alkalimetry 293
10.29 Standard barium hydroxide solution 294
10.30 Determination of the Na2C0, content of washing soda 295
10.31 Determination of the strength of concentrated acids 296
10.32 Determination of a mixture of carbonate and hydroxide
(analysis of commercial caustic soda) 297
10.33 Determination of a mixture of carbonate and
hydrogencarbonate 299
10.34 Determination of boric acid 299
10.35 Determination of ammonia in an ammonium salt 300
10.36 Determination of organic nitrogen (the Kjeldahl procedure) 302
10.37 Determination of nitrates 303