Page 12 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

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Table of Contents

Part I
Historical and Regulatory Development........................................................................................1

Chapter 1
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Definition of a Solid Waste.......................................................................................................5
1.2 Categories of Wastes .................................................................................................................6
1.2.1 Municipal Solid Waste ..................................................................................................6
1.2.2 Hazardous Waste ...........................................................................................................8
1.2.3 Industrial Waste .............................................................................................................8
1.2.4 Medical Waste ...............................................................................................................9
1.2.5 Universal Waste.............................................................................................................9
1.2.6 Construction and Demolition Debris ..........................................................................10
1.2.7 Radioactive Waste........................................................................................................10
1.2.8 Mining Waste...............................................................................................................11
1.2.9 Agricultural Waste.......................................................................................................12
1.3 Generation of MSW................................................................................................................13
1.4 Solid Waste Management........................................................................................................13
1.4.1 Source Reduction ........................................................................................................16
1.4.2 Recycling.....................................................................................................................17
1.4.3 Incineration..................................................................................................................17
1.4.4 Land Disposal..............................................................................................................17
1.4.5 Goals at the Federal Level...........................................................................................18
References ........................................................................................................................................18
Suggested Readings and Web Sites..................................................................................................19
Questions..........................................................................................................................................19

Chapter 2
A Brief History of Waste Management............................................................................................21
2.1 Introduction ...........................................................................................................................21
2.2 Earliest Civilizations .............................................................................................................21
2.3 Greece....................................................................................................................................22
2.4 Rome .....................................................................................................................................22
2.5 Europe ...................................................................................................................................23
2.6 United States .........................................................................................................................28
2.7 Recent Waste Management Initiatives ..................................................................................36
2.8 Solid Waste Incineration and other Thermal Processes........................................................38
2.9 Land Disposal and the Sanitary Landfill ..............................................................................42
2.10 Recycling/Reuse....................................................................................................................44
References ........................................................................................................................................45
Questions..........................................................................................................................................46