Page 471 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

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442 Waste Management Practices: Municipal, Hazardous, and Industrial

FIGURE 13.7 Markings for nonbulk hazardous materials.

13.3.3.9 Packaging

There are two approaches to packaging shipments of hazardous waste. In the first approach, the
generator can check with the TSD facility to determine the packaging the latter prefers for the par-
ticular waste. The TSD facility recommends using a particular DOT specification packaging. The
second approach is to determine the requirements directly from the DOT regulations. Most haz-
ardous waste will be contained in open or closed head drums or in bulk boxes. Figure 13.8 provides
an example description of a drum per DOT requirements prior to the performance-oriented pack-
aging codes (see below).
The specific section for packaging a particular material is found by reference to column 5 of the
HMT. In column 8 there are three subcolumns, indicating the specific sections in Part 173 where
the specific requirements are located for Exceptions (Column 8A), Nonbulk packaging (Column
8B), and Bulk packaging (Column 8C). Each of these columns is set up such that “Part 173” is the
initial source, followed by the more specific subpart. For example, the entry “213” in column 8B
associated with the proper shipping name “ammonium chloride” indicates that for nonbulk pack-
aging, the requirements of 49 CFR Part 173.213 must be followed. Whenever packaging require-
ments are specified, these are in addition to the standard requirements for all packaging described
in Part 173.

Examples of packaging
NonBulk Packagings for Liquid Hazardous Materials in Packing Group I (Section 173.201)
DOT requirements are rather specific and stringent for the selection of the appropriate packaging
material for a hazardous material. For example, when a liquid hazardous material is packaged
under certain DOT sections, only nonbulk packagings may be used for its transportation.
Packaging must conform to the general requirements of Part 173, Part 178, and §172.101 of HMT.
The following combination packagings are authorized for liquid hazardous materials in Packing
Group I:
Outer packagings
Steel drum 1A1 or 1A2
Aluminum drum 1B1 or 1B2
Metal drum other than steel or aluminum 1N1 or 1N2
Plywood drum 1D
Fiber drum 1G