Page 596 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

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Management of Used Oil 567
include industrial facilities that use lubricated machinery, taxi, bus, and delivery companies; gov-
ernment and military motor pools; and shipyards. Household used oil generators, also known as do-
it-yourself (DIY) operations, are not regulated under management standards; however, DIY
collection centers are considered generators.
Used oil generators are required to engage in “good housekeeping practices in handling used
oil.” Some important requirements include:

● Storage containers and tanks at generator facilities must be labeled “Used Oil.”
● Fill pipes used to transfer used oil into underground storage tanks must be labeled “Used
Oil.”
● Storage is to occur only in containers or tanks in good condition (no severe rusting, struc-
tural defects, and not leaking).
● Used oil spills and leaks must be immediately stopped, contained, and cleaned.

Used oil generators are subject to the spill prevention, control and countermeasures program
(SPCC) as listed in 40 CFR Part 112. The SPCC consists of plans for emergency response in the
event of a spill or release. Plans are specified by the Oil Pollution Act of 1990, which was promul-
gated to address spills into surface water. Industries managing used oil must comply with SPCC
specifications, except facilities located in zones where a release is not expected to reach a naviga-
ble waterway. Used oil generators are also subject to the Underground Storage Tank standards (40
CFR Part 280) for storage in underground tanks. There is no requirement for generators to have sec-
ondary containment for containers or tanks of used oil.

19.7.2 USED OIL COLLECTION CENTERS
A used oil collection center accepts and stores used oil collected from generators that bring in ship-
ments of no more than 55 gal. Collection centers may also accept used oil from household DIYs.
Collection centers must:

● Comply with the used oil generator standards, Subpart C (40 CFR Parts 279.20-279.24)
● Be registered, licensed or permitted by a state, county or municipal government to man-
age used oil

19.7.3 MARKETERS OF USED OIL
Used oil marketers are defined as generators, processors, re-refiners, transporters, or burners of used
oil. They must comply with additional management standards such as conducting analyses to ensure
that the used oil has the suitable burning specifications (see below), and to maintain these analysis
reports for 3 years.

19.7.4 TRANSPORTERS AND TRANSFER FACILITIES
Used oil transporters are subject to more stringent requirements than are generators. Transporters
are required to obtain an EPA identification number when shipping used oil off-site in amounts
greater than 55 gal, and are permitted to deliver used oil only to:

● Another used oil transporter, a used oil processing and re-refining facility or an off-spec-
ification used oil burner facility that has obtained an EPA identification number
● An on-specification used oil burner facility (no EPA identification number required)

A key responsibility of a used oil transporter is to determine whether or not used oil is haz-
ardous by measuring the total halogen content. Transporters can apply the analytical Test Method