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244 Chapter Eleven

including project owner, turbine manufacturer, and system operator
of the utility.
The most commonly used reports are energy production, mete-
orological, availability, and power curve comparison. Because of the
volume of data and demand from different constituencies, reporting
can get very complex.

Control
The most active role of SCADA system is operational control of a wind
20
power plant. The SCADA system can issue the following command
to an individual turbine or group of turbines: Release to run, stop,
or reset. The SCADA control system also implements a variety of
functions required by the grid operator, like curtailment of energy
production,reactivepoweroutput,andvoltageandfrequencycontrol.
Examples of other control logic that can be implemented pertain to
environmental constraints:

Shutdown or slowdown of turbines during bird migratory

seasons or when birds and bats are detected in close proximity
to turbines
Slowdown of turbine during certain hours of a day to reduce

noise level, if the turbines are in proximity to noise-sensitive
areas like residential areas

A SCADA system is, therefore, a crucial tool for:

Monitoring production

Monitoring health of each turbine

Monitoring reason for poor performance and warranty

claims. It provides data that can provide a basis for deter-
mining the cause of poor performance: Poor wind, poor wind
farm layout, poor turbine performance, and others
Adjusting resource estimation methodologies for future wind

farms.

References
1. Smith, J. C., Milligan, M. R., DeMeo, E. A., and Parsons, B. “Utility Wind
Integration and Operating Impact State of the Art,” IEEE Transactions on
Power Systems 22: 8, 2007. http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy07osti/41329.pdf.
2. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, US Department of Energy. 20%
Wind Energy by 2030. US Department of Energy, 2008. www.nrel.gov/
docs/fy08osti/41869.pdf. DOE/GO-102008-2567.