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382                                             Chapter 8  Fracture of Cracked Members




































                                                                    40
                                 40
                                                 L-T
                                                   T-L     L-T      30
                                 30
                               K   , MPa  m  Ic  20  L-T T-L S-L  S-L  T-L S-L  20  K   , ksi  in  Ic




                                                                    10
                                 10

                                  0                                 0
                                       2014       2219      7075
                                       -T651      -T851     -T651

            Figure 8.40 Designations for crack plane and growth direction in rectangular sections,
            and some corresponding effects on fracture toughness in plates of three aluminum alloys.
            (Top from [ASTM 97] Std. E399; copyright c   ASTM; reprinted with permission. Bottom from
            data in [MILHDBK 94] pp. 3.10 and 3.11.)
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