Page 255 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

4.5 Impact Categories, Impact Indicators and Characterisation Factors 239

Table 4.9 Global warming potential (GWP ) of some greenhouse gases (time horizon:
100
100 a).
Chemical designation Life time in the GWP
100
of the GHG troposhere (a) (kg CO -equivalent
2
per kg GHG) a
Carbon dioxide (CO ) Determined 1
2
according to
the Berne
C-cycle b
Methane (CH ) 12.0
4
Fossil origin — 25 c
Regenerative origin e — 23
Nitrous oxide (N O) 120 298
2
d
HFC-23 (CHF ) 270 14 800
3
HFC-32 (CH F ) 4.9 675
2 2
HCF-125 (C HF ) 29 3 500
2
5
HCF-134a (CH FCF ) 14 1 430
2 3
HFC-152a (C H F ) 1.4 124
4 2
2
HCF-143a (CH CF ) 52 4 470
3 3
HFC-227ea (CF CHFCF ) 34.2 3 220
3
3
HCF-236fa (CF CH CF ) 240 9 810
3 2 3
HFC-245fa (CHF CH CF ) 7.6 1 030
2
3
2
HFC-365mfc (CH CF CH CF ) 8.6 794
3 2 2 3
HFC-43-10mee (CF CHFCHFCF CF ) 15.9 1 640
3
2
3
Sulphur hexafluoride (SF ) 3 200 22 800
6
Nitrogen trifluoride (NF ) 740 17 200
3
d
PFC-14 (CF ) 50 000 7 390
4
PFC-116 (C F ) 10 000 12 200
2 6
PFC-218 (C F ) 2 600 8 830
3 8
PFC-318 (cyclo-C F ) 3 200 10 300
4 8
PFC-3-1-10 (C F ) 2 600 8 860
4 10
PFC-5-1-14 (C F ) 3 200 9 300
6 14
c)
HFE-449sl (CH O (CF ) CF ) 5 297
2 3
3
3
HFE-569sf2 (CH CH O (CF ) CF ) 0.77 59
3 2 2 3 3
HFE-347pcf2 (CF -CH OCF CHF ) 7.1 580
2
2
2
3
a GWP data: selection from IPCC fourth assessment report.
100
b The average tropospheric residence time of CO depends on a multitude of sources and sinks and
2
thus cannot be described by a single value.
c This value (IPCC, 2007) includes indirect effects by increased formation of ozone and stratospheric
water vapour; by the relatively short life time of methane the GWP value depends strongly on the
selected time horizon: GWP : 63; GWP :7.
20 500
d HFC: HydroFluoroCarbon; PFC: PerFluoroCarbon and HFE: HydroFluoroEther.
e
By anoxic formation out of materials of vegetable origin (e.g. paper in a landfill).