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SOCIAL DIFFERENCE IN SPORT 167

3 Articles concerning the sociology of sport pub-
lished before January 2004. football, ethnologie d’une passion partisane
4 The content of three international journals, à Marseille, Naples et Turin. Paris: MSH.
International Review for Sociology of Sport (n=157), Coakley, Jay (2003) Sports in Society. 8th edn.
the Journal of Sport and Social Issues (n=140) and NY: McGraw-Hill.
the Sociology of Sport Journal (n=186), was analyzed Coakley, Jay and Dunning, Eric (2000)
for the period between 1990 and 1996. Handbook of Sport Studies. London: Sage.
5 This is not about class conflict, but more broadly Connell, Robert W. (1987) Gender and Power.
any conflict of interests among individuals or groups. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
6 ‘Specifically, in top sport, the problem is that Dallaire, Christine and Denis, Claude (2000) ‘If
self-interest is justified within the logic of competing; You Don’t Speak French, You’re Out: Don
the rationality of competing does not support the Cherry, the Alberta Francophone Games,
cooperation needed for the proposed solution’
(Heikkala, 1993). and the Discursive Construction of Canada’s
7 It is doubtless true that the processes of the Francophones’, Canadian Journal of
globalization of sporting cultures may have had the Sociology, 25(4): 419–40.
effect of reducing these cultural specificities and Defrance, Jacques (2000) ‘La politique de
imposing a more unified competitive model l’apolitisme. Sur l’autonomisation du champ
(Maguire, 1999). sportif’, Politix, 13–50: 13–27.
8 When asked about motivation – ’What does Duret, Pascal (1993) L’héroïsme sportif. Paris:
participating in sport [as a player or spectator] mean PUF.
to you?’ – the answers ‘sport is for being with close Eco, Umberto (1985) La guerre du faux. Paris:
friends’ (75%) and ‘sport is for meeting people’ Grasset.
(63%) far exceed the answer ‘sport is about perform-
ance’ (42%) (Mignon and Truchot, 2002). Ehrenberg, Alain (1991) Le culte de la perform-
ance. Paris: Calmann-Lévy.
Elias, Norbert, and Dunning, Eric (1986)
The Quest of Excitement, Sport and Leisure in
the Civilizing Process. London: Basil Blackwell.
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