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C H A P TER 7 The Conversion Cycle 323
FI G U R E
7-15 FLEXIBLE PRODUCTION SYSTEM
Sheet Finish
Metal Welding Machining Machining
Cell Cell Cell #1 Cell
Receiving Administrative Offices
Subassembly
Shipping Testing Final Assembly
AUTOMATION OF THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS
Automation is at the heart of the lean manufacturing philosophy. By replacing labor with automation, a
firm can reduce waste, improve efficiency, increase quality, and improve flexibility. The deployment of
automation, however, varies considerably among manufacturing firms. Figure 7-16 portrays automation
as a continuum with the traditional manufacturing model at one end and the fully CIM model at the other.
Traditional Manufacturing
The traditional manufacturing environment consists of a range of different types of machines, each con-
trolled by a single operator. Because these machines require a great deal of setup time, the cost of setup
must be absorbed by large production runs. The machines and their operators are organized into func-
tional departments, such as milling, grinding, and welding. The WIP follows a circuitous route through
the different operations across the factory floor.
FI G U R E
7-16 THE AUTOMATION CONTINUUM
Computer
Islands of
Traditional Technology Integrated
Manufacturing
Progression of automation toward world-class status
