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3.6 T ed Beds o-Phase Fix w 163

Drilled plate Cap design

Standpipe desi g n Continuous horizontal slots

Figure 3.43 Common distributor designs for gases.

The following one gies the best prediction of the individual liquid-film mass transfer
v
coefficient in water-treatment situations (Chern and Chien, 2002):
0.644
Sh (2 Re Sc )[1 1.5(1 12 )] 13 (3.345)
p
For 0.04 Re p 52, the illiamson correlation is proposed and used in adsorption processes W
for wastewater, using granular activated carbon (Ko et al . 2000; Crittenden et al ., 1987):

0.66 0.34 0.33
Sh 2.4 Re Sc (3.346)
p
Also, the Kataoka correlation has been used in adsorption systems from liquid phase with
Re p 40 (Perry and Green, 1999).
13  1  13
Sh 1.85( Re Sc )   (3.347)
p  

For 0.0015 Re p 55, the Woplis correlation has been used in adsorption ilson–Geank
from liquid phase (Perry and Green, 1999; Xiu and Li, 2000; Chen and 2004). ang, W
1.09 13 13
Sh Sc Re p (3.348)

and for 55 Re p 1050 and liquid phase (Perry and Green, 1999),

0.25 13 0.69
Sh Sc Re p (3.349)

For 2 Re p 2000, the Garner–Suckling correlation has been used in ion-e xchange sys-
tems (Perry and Green, 1999; Ri v ero et al. , 2004):

Sh 0.95 Sc Re 13 0.5 (3.350)
2
p
Re p is based on the superficial velocity for all equations in this section.