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72 3. Heterogeneous Processes and Reactor Analysis

we hae v
K C
r fg r g L L,eq ( C L ) (3.60)

where C L,eq is the equilibrium concentration in the liquid:

C G
C L,eq (3.61)
H
This is the concentration in equilibrium with the bulk gas concentration C G . It is important
to note that in the general case,
C L,eq C L,i (3.62)

C G C G,i (3.63)
Note that

(
C G k k C ) L
fg
g
C L,i
k
fg (3.64)
H
k g
C H
C G,i L,i (3.65)
,
In the case of k g →∞ or in other w when there is no resistance in the gas phase (gas ords,
phase consists of a pure gas),
C
C G C (3.66)
L,i L,eq
H
C C (3.67)
G,i G
K k (3.68)
L fg

Finally, if the liquid is saturated with gas,

C C
L,eq L (3.69)

3.2 HETEROGENEOUS REACTORS

3.2.1 Introduction

Chemical reactors vary widely in shape and in the mode of operation. Consequently, there
are various ways of classifying them. The first classification is based on the number of the