Page 35 - Advanced English Grammar in Use

s i m p l e d o ) f u t u r e
P r e s e n t simple ( I (I do) for t h e future
Present
f o r the
use the present simple when we talk about future events that are part of some OFFICIAL
We use the present simple when we talk about future events that are part of some OFFICIAL
We
ARRANGEMENT such as a timetable or programme:
ARRANGEMENT such as a timetable or programme:
at 2 o'clock in the morning.
• ¢ Their plane arrives
Their plane arrives at 2 o'clock in the morning.
The next meeting of the committee is on November 5th.
• The next meeting of the committee is on November Sth.
continue
get
in
We
off the
train
Bristol
by
bus.
and
• We get off the train in Bristol and continue by bus.
on
week
• I'm away on holiday next week. Can we meet the week after?
Can
we
meet the
holiday next week.
after?
I'm away
often use will + infinitive in sentences like these with little difference in meaning, although the
We
We often use will + infinitive in sentences like these with little difference in meaning, although the
definite (See also Unit 11C).
present simple suggests that the arrangement is fixed and
present simple suggests that the arrangement is fixed and definite (See also Unit 11C.).
j D We don't use the present simple when we talk about PERSONAL PLANS or PREDICTIONS. Instead
We don't use the present simple when we talk about PERSONAL PLANS or PREDICTIONS. Instead
L or the present continuous (see Units 11 and 12):
we use will, going to, or the present continuous (see Units 11 and 12):
we use will, going to,
really exhausted. I'm just staying in to watch TV tonight, (not ...I just stay in...)
• * I'm really exhausted. I'm just staying in to watch TVtonight. (not ...I just stay in...)
I'm
Although it is a problem only in Britain at the moment, I think it will affect the rest of
• Although it is a problem only in Britain at the moment, I think it will affect the rest of
(not ...I think it affects the rest...)
Europe soon, (not ...I think it affects the rest...)
Europe soon.
we prefer the present simple if we can make a definite, specific prediction because an
However,
However, we prefer the present simple if we can make a definite, specific prediction because an
or event is part of an official arrangement such as a timetable or programme (see A):
activity or event is part of an official arrangement such as a timetable or programme (see A):
activity
full moon tonight.
• * There is
There is a a full moon tonight.
sun rises at 5.16 tomorrow.
The
• * The sun rises at5.16 tomorrow.
use the present simple to refer to the future, not will, in adverbial clauses introduced by time
We use the present simple to refer to the future, not will, in adverbial clauses introduced by time
We
conjunctions such as after, before, when, and until:
conjunctions such as after, before, when, and until:
see a path to your left.
О 0 • * After you go another 50 metres, you'll
After you go another 50 metres, you'll see a path to your left.
see Dennis, tell him he still owes me some money.
When you
• ° • * When you see Dennis, tell him he still owes me some money.
here until I call you.
Wait
• ¢ Wait here until I call you.
if, unless, in case, and provided:
and in conditional clauses with
and in conditional clauses with if, unless, in case, and provided:
me know if he says anything interesting.
Let
• ¢ Let me know jfhe says anything interesting.
Provided the right software is available, I should be able to solve the problem.
• Provided the right software is available, I should be able to solve the problem.
I'll bring a compass in case we get lost.
• I'll bring a compass in case we get lost.
use the present simple in that- and tf/j-clauses when both the main clause and the that- /wb-
We
We use the present simple in that- and wh-clauses when both the main clause and the that- / wh-
future. We don't use will in the that-1 и^-clause in this kind of sentence:
clause refer to the future. We don't use will in the that- /wh-clause in this kind of sentence:
clause refer to the
wh-clause
clause

main
main clause
that-1/ wh-clause
that-
you
(not
sure
time,
next
are
invited
going
make
be
invited...)
to
will
...you

I’m
I'm going to make sure
(that)
(that) you are invited next time. (not ...you will be invited...)
let you know when she gets here, (not ...when she will get here.)
I'll let you know
Tl
When the main clause refers to the present, we normally use will, not the present simple, in the

when she gets here. (not ...when she will get here.)
Verb tense inthat-clauses that you'll enjoy the the same time tomorrow, (or ...they will arrive...)

When the main clause refers to the present, we normally use will, not the present simple, in the
arrangement we can use either will or
a
fixed
are talking about
However,
if we
that- /wh-clause.
that-1 wh-c\ause. However, if we are talking about a fixed arrangement we can use either will or
the present simple. Compare:
the present simple. Compare:
(not
...you
enjoy...)
play, (not ...you enjoy...)
I guarantee that you'll enjoy theplay.
I guarantee
• *
g
they
arrive
fortunate that
at
is
It It is fortunate that they arrive at the same timetomorrow. (or ...they will arrive...)
• *
Adverbials of time =
Conditionals;
Adverbials oftme=>
Conditionals >
Verb tense in that-clauses = =>