Page 555 - Advanced thermodynamics for engineers

Index 549

Stone, 319, 321, 345, 352–354, 356, 360–361 Thermal
Sub-cooling, 55f capacitance rate, 135
Sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), 318 conductivity, 331, 469–470
emissions, 318–319 diffusion, 330, 484
Sulphonic acid, 500 efficiency, 13
Supercritical vapour, 428–429 energy, 476
Superheated gas, 43–44, 147, 423 equilibrium, 3
Superheating, 39–40 influence of fuel properties, 99–100
Supply temperature, 447, 449t, 451t NO, 312–313
Surroundings, 2, 4–12, 61, 65–66, 428–429, 516 theories, 329
Swept volume, 346–347 transpiration, 491–493
Swirl Thermocouple, 473f, 477–480
barrel, 352–356 Cu-Ni, 479
tumble, 352–354, 356 Peltier effect, 480–481
System platinum-rhodium, 479
closed, 2, 11, 13, 63, 75–84 Thomson effect, 481–483
constant composition, 23, 79, 141, 143, 163–164 Thermodynamic relationships, 141, 145–148
isolated, 7, 22, 468 Clausius–Clapeyron equation, 156–159
multicomponent, 28–29, 487 Maxwell relationships, 141–145
open, 2, 11, 84–85 specific heat capacities relationships, 152–156
single component, 26, 143, 163, 211, 248 T DS relationships, 148–152
Thermodynamics, 1–3
T classical, 1, 467
T-ds relationships, 148–152 engineering, 497
internal energy and enthalpy variation, 150–152 First Law of. See First Law of Thermodynamics
Tafel flow quantity, 15
exchange current, 518 fluxes, 470–471, 484–487
Tafel equation, 519 forces, 469–470
variable, 518 heat and work relationship, 6–7
Tafel parameters. See Tafel ideal gas, 178–183
Taylor irreversible, 473–483, 516, 518
microscale, 335t laws of, 1–2
series, 19, 485 macroscopic, 1, 182
Temperature, 3 state, 2
adjusted, 450, 458t steady state fuel cells, 516–518
critical, 166, 424t, 434 system, 2
difference, minimum, 447, 450, 457 and surrounding interactions, 4–12
intervals, 450–452, 458t, 459f temperature scales, 4
inversion, 430, 432–433, 443 thermal equilibrium, 3
optimum, 122 velocities, 469–470
products, 263, 265, 287, 331–332 zeroth law, 3
ratio, 47, 129, 132f, 392–393 Thermoelectric
reactants, 331–333, 334f effect, 467, 478, 494
scales, 4 phenomena, 467, 473–474, 494
standard, 79, 91, 224, 231, 515 Thermoelectricity, 473–483. See also Diffusion and heat
supply, 447, 451t, 457t transfer
target, 447, 449t, 451t, 457t, 461 coupled equations, 475–477
Temperature-heat load diagram, composite, 451f, 458, 459f thermocouple, 477–480
Temperature–Enthalpy transfer diagram (T–H transfer uncoupled effects, 474
diagram), 447, 449f Thermostatics, 27–28, 467
Temperature–entropy diagram (T–s diagram), 16, 35, 35f, 38f, Third law of thermodynamics, 2, 181–182
39–40, 47f–48f, 107f, 110f, 139f, 144, 426–428, 448f Third Tds relationship, 150