Page 97 - Advances in Eco-Fuels for a Sustainable Environment

(mgKOH/g)
0.996 a
0.118 g
0.48 a
0.19 a
0.30 a
0.24 h
0.48 f
0.59
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.60 d
37.40 d
18.50 d
55.90 d
28.37 d
28.37 d
15.80 d
17.80 d
70.25 d
90.90 d
73.20 d
33.00 a
15.85 d
8.30 d
6.49 d
(%)
(%)
unsaturated
40.83 d
45.20 d
77.37 d
19.20 d
24.60 d
48.10 d
82.16 d
44.50 d
69.70 d
45.40 a
60.90 d
46.30 d
49.07 d
14.92 d
4.90 d
(%)
Saturation
nonedible seeds oil values Acid Poly-unsaturated Mono- Prospects of biodiesel feedstock as an effective ecofuel source and their challenges 0.42 a 19.00 d 51.80 d 29.20 d 71
14.90 d
34.10 d
26.50 d
18.90 d
22.00 d
39.00 d
35.80 d
37.00 d
22.56 d
21.60 a
8.90 d
8.78 d
7.60 d
4.20 d
6.78 d
some
of Biodiesel (%) 97–98 c
values yield 99 c – – – 98 c – – – – – – – 91 c – –
acid
and yield Oil (kg/ha) 1900–2500 b 2670 a 1500–2500 e 828L/ha/ year e 4680 a 1129 a 402 a 1575 b 1188 a 80–120 c 2825 a 4680 i 225–2250 b
saturation – – –
of yield/kg (wt%) 20–60 a 40–60 20–30 a 41–42 a 35–50 a 12–25 a 30–38 a 35–45 a 67.00 a 10.42 45–50 a 40–60 a 40–50 36–41 a 25–50 a 30–50
degree Oil seed s: k: s: 48 e s: s: s: 50 k: s: 65 a s: 22 k: s: s: s: k: s: s: k: s: 17 k: – 40 a s: s: k:
the oil
Yield, oil oil seed oleander oil oil seed oleifera
3.9 type oil oil spurge oil bran oil oil oil oil seed mango oil [7]. [2]. [44]. [19]. [4]. [10]. [1]. [45]. [12].
Table Oil Jatropha Neem Caper Putranjiva Mahua Rice Tamanu Crambe Linseed Yellow Castor Rubber Tobacco Sea Moringa Karanja a Ref. b Ref. c Ref. d Ref. e Ref. f Ref. g Ref. h Ref. i Ref.