Page 64 - Analysis, Synthesis and Design of Chemical Processes, Third Edition

2. A problem has occurred in the measuring element of a level-indicating controller in a batch reactor.
To what principal diagram should you refer to in order to troubleshoot the problem?

Why is it important for a process engineer to be able to review a three-dimensional model (actual or
3.
virtual/electronic) of the plant prior to the construction phase of a project?

Name five things that would affect the locations of different pieces of equipment when determining the
4.
layout of equipment in a process unit.

Why are accurate plant models (made of plastic parts) no longer made as part of the design process?
5.
What function did these models play and how is this function now achieved?

Problems

There are two common reasons for elevating the bottom of a tower by means of a “skirt.” One reason

6. is to provide enough NPSH for bottoms product pumps to avoid cavitation. What is the other
A
reason?

Which of the principal diagrams should be used to do the following:

a. Determine the number of trays is a distillation column?

b. Determine the top and bottom temperatures in a distillation column?
7.
c. Validate the overall material balance for a process?

d. Check the instrumentation for a given piece of equipment in a “pre-start-up” review?

e. Determine the overall material balance for a whole chemical plant?

8. What is the purpose(s) of a pipe rack in a chemical process?

When would a structure-mounted vertical plant layout arrangement be preferred over a grade-
9.
mounted horizontal in-line arrangement?

A process that is being considered for construction has been through several technical reviews; block
flow, process flow, and piping and instrumentation diagrams are available for the process. Explain
the changes that would have to be made to the three principal diagrams if during a final
preconstruction review, the following changes were made:

a. The efficiency of a fired heater had been specified incorrectly as 92% instead of 82%.
10.
b. A waste process stream flowrate (sent to a sludge pond) was calculated incorrectly and is now
30% greater than before.