Page 9 - Analytical Electrochemistry 2d Ed - Jospeh Wang

x CONTENTS

5-2.1.2 Glass Electrodes for Other Cations = 151
5-2.2 Liquid-Membrane Electrodes = 152
5-2.2.1 Ion-Exchanger Electrodes = 152
5-2.2.2 Neutral Carrier Electrodes = 154
5-2.3 Solid-State Electrodes = 156
5-2.4 Coated-Wire Electrodes = 160
5-3 On-Line and In-Vivo Potentiometric Measurements = 161
References = 165
Examples = 167
Questions = 169

6 ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS 171

6-1 Electrochemical Biosensors = 171
6-1.1 Enzyme-Based Electrodes = 172
6-1.1.1 Impractical and Theoretical Considerations = 172
6-1.1.2 Enzyme Electrodes of Analytical Signi®cance = 176
6-1.1.2.1 Glucose Sensors = 176
6-1.1.2.2 Ethanol Electrodes = 178
6-1.1.2.3 Urea Electrodes = 181
6-1.1.2.4 Toxin (Enzyme Inhibition) Biosensors = 181
6-1.1.3 Tissue and Bacteria Electrodes = 182
6-1.2 Af®nity Biosensors = 183
6-1.2.1 Immunosensors = 183
6-1.2.2 DNA Hybridization Biosensors = 185
6-1.2.3 Receptor-Based Sensors = 186
6-2 Gas Sensors = 188
6-2.1 Carbon Dioxide Sensors = 189
6-2.2 Oxygen Electrodes = 190
6-3 Solid-State Devices = 191
6-3.1 Microfabrication of Solid-State Sensor Assemblies = 193
6-3.2 Microfabrication Techniques = 193
6-4 Sensor Arrays = 197
References = 198
Examples = 201
Questions = 202

INDEX 205