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304 INDEX
reserved Aloha, 261
space, required by control
sampling theorem in,
resins, 283
192–197, 195, 196
resistors, anti-aliasing filters sampling, Nyquist-Shannon sound pressure safety, 131
systems, 69–71
and, 205 scheduling, 9 special-purpose computer
resonant frequencies, control energy and power supplies in, hardware, 81–83, 118
systems, 45 179–181 specifications, 6, 11–12, 13, 144
resource management, Gantt bar chart in, 9, 10 speed
6, 8, 11, 118 science fiction and robots, 1–2 braking and, 185–186
response time, in control second-order control systems, control systems for,
systems, 43–44 32–39, 42, 42, 43, 47–48, 48 57, 60–61, 67
retransmission of security motors, 276, 277, 278
communications, communications and, 266–269 time and, 67–68
ACK/NACK, 245–246 energy and power supplies in, speed governor, 60, 60
reverse channel bandwidth, 259 181–182 speed of execution
reviews, 6, 15, 143 self-clocking computer hardware and, 81–82
revolutions per minute communications, 229 pipelining and, 180–181
(RPM), 276 sensors, 55, 174, 175 spin up time
ringing (See oscillation Session layer, OSI layered display systems and, 112
frequency) network model, 225 hard disk drives and, 110
rise time of signals and settling time, in control spoofing, 267
interference, 140 systems, 44 spread spectrum (SS),
risk analysis, 12, 74–75, 121 Shannon capacity limit, 263–264, 270
robot toy, 167 226–228, 226 spring constant in design of
rolloff, in anti-aliasing Shannon, Claude, 197, 197 control systems, 40–41
filters, 203 shared access communications spring force in control
rotational energy, 288–290 (See also communications), systems, 31
routing for minimum energy 258–264 springs in control systems, 30,
consumption, 184 shared motors, energy efficiency 48, 49, 50–51, 55
row address select (RAS), 95 and, 183 spy hopping, 176–178, 176
RS encoder/decoder, 250, 252 shareware and, 76 stability in control systems,
RS232/432 standard for sharp parts, 131 45, 64
baseband communication, 232 shielding, 138, 141–143 standards for baseband
RS422 standard for baseband shock strength, 284 communications, 231–232
communication, 232 shock (See also electrocution) starting date in project
RSA encryption/security, 268 display systems and, 112, 113 management, 7
run-length compression, 266 hard disk drives and, 109 statement of work, 8
static mechanics, 287–288
reliability and, 127 static memory, 93–94
S signal to noise (S/N) ratio, static random access memory
safety, 57, 128–132, 145 198–201, 226–228, 226, (SRAM), 94–95
batteries, 129–130 234–236, 235 steady-state error, in control
fire and electrocution, 132 sinc function, filter design, systems, 27–29, 27, 28, 64
human, 128–129 207, 211, 211 step input function, in control
lasers and light, 132 single board computers systems, 29–30, 29
mechanical threats and, 131 (SBCs), 168 stepper motors, 278–279
moving parts and, 131 slotted Aloha, 261 stopband anti-aliasing
panic buttons for, 129 software, 76, 120, 121, 149–151 filters, 203
sound pressure, 131 energy and power supplies in, storage registers, 98–99
Sagan, Carl, 20 178–183 stored programs, 90–91
sample and hold (S/H), 201 FIR filters in, 215–216 strategies, 14–15