Page 122 - Artificial Intelligence for the Internet of Everything

108 Artificial Intelligence for the Internet of Everything

At first I was a little scared that anyone could make a purchase without my autho-
rization (like a visiting friend or other family member) but there are verifications to
go through that keep that from happening. This helped me to trust it a little
better … (transparency—intent)
There is a constant and dynamic feedback loop that generates reports on system
usage and efficiency ratings (transparency—state)
It is very intuitive and it just feels like there is an unspoken bond (liking)
Intuitive touch interface … (familiarity)

As far as ‘behaviors,’ I suppose the fact that it talks to you like a person is supposed
to make you feel more comfortable. It does have a pleasant sounding voice (social
interaction)

6.2.5 Human-Machine Teaming
Next, items were coded as either teammate or tool according to the partic-
ipants. There was 100% agreement among the raters on this dimension.
Next, the open-ended item was coded using the teammate-likeness model
as a guiding rubric. In addition to the six dimensions noted above, a seventh
category of “humanness” was added based on initial coding training and
consensus coding, which noted a high frequency of responses like, “it should
act like a human” or “it should be like a human” or “it should have human
qualities.” The two raters averaged over 90% agreement across the seven
dimensions. It was possible, and very common, for multiple dimensions
to be coded in the same participant response. Example excerpts for each
dimension are below.
For it to be more of a teammate it would have to do things without me asking
(Agency)
It is a teammate to me. We work together to achieve this great balance where I
trust the technology and Nest achieves its goals in making sure my home’s
temperature is just the way I like it (Benevolence)
I think of the Nest as more of a teammate. This is because it is working with me
to help me reach a goal of becoming more energy efficient and helping me
save money by making changes together to make it work the best
(Interdependence)
I see this completely as a tool. It’s a functional item outside of me. A teammate
would need to be more human, more personal, and more emotionally connected.
I don’t feel any emotional connection but rather a fully tool-like use (Relationship
building)