Page 111 - Basic Gas Chromatography
P. 111

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            flow   dominates.   in efficiency   the   chroma-   faster   with   The   quantity   capillary   g   fora   be  should   of   the   band   techniques   the  about   use.   to   syringe   The   vapor   and   a   simple   closing   is  column   point   high-   is   be   can   dilute   introduced   non-   fraction   on-column
            faster-than-optimal   phase,   loss   minimizes   and   to   fast   the   times   5   at   used   possible   not   is   injections:  sample   the   and   typical   25-m   3   to   2   to   sample   column.   widths   peak   minimize   injection   written   techniques.   technique   standard   a   liner.  glass   1-2%,   the   of   sample  vaporized   valve.  purge   is  technique   or  opening   to   the   split   the   to   up   result








            at   mobile   minimal   a   phase   back  refer   was   gas   analysis   columns.   for   injections)   A   compared   small   the   having   to   numerous   been   have   common   injection   sample   by   deactivated   usually   the   or   split   The   by   ratio   introduced   rate   rates).   “neat”   that   so   there   samples   inlet   the   limited   analysis.
            run   the   in   with   mobile   (fast   microgram.   phase,   very   a   often   necessary   most   easiest   the   a   fraction,   of   a   injections.   split   flow   flow   is   ratio,   in   is   trace
            usually   transfer   analysis   the   example,   carrier   high-speed   capillary   requirements   1   why   “over-loading”   narrow,   are   are   textbooks   the   and   of   contains   rest   through   split   the   amount   the   vent   advantage   split   “dirty”   wool   analysis   Consequently,   for


           are   faster   in   For   hydrogen   This   film   strict   narrow   than   liquid   of   explains   very   injections   There   entire   only   simplest,   nL   1   that   only  a   The   6.8).   out   to   control   sample   and   and   larger   that   is   glass   trace   recommended
           columns   mass  term,   much   diffusion   equation.   where   rate.   thick   SYSTEMS   very   very   be   less  usually   mg   10   This   avoid   to   usually   fast   injection.   fact,   will  discuss   injecting   port   and   Fig.   passes   advantages   only   to   The   controlled),   column   Another   a  using   advantage   deactivated   that   column.   the


     Systems   capillary   Cy   a   faster   Golay   6.6   flow   even   or   INLET   have   should   small,   about   column.   necessary   are   very   a   slow   in   GC;   we   oldest,   the   involves   injection   vaporized,   (see   gas   has   valve.   easily   both   of   by   final   of   is   enters   are



     Inlet   Thus,   the  where   provides   allows   it   the   in   Figure   optimal   columns   columns   profile   very   contains   is   it   peaks   so   from   capillary   here   but   Injection   injection   is   procedure   heated   rapidly   column   carrier   of   are  several   operator   the   (purge)   (and   sum   separations.   usually   A   plug   a   compounds.   disadvantage   sample   techniques

     Capillary   speed.   rates   Hydrogen   because   Cy   term   in  togram   the   than   packed   CAPILLARY   Capillary   injection   be  should   column   6-ft  packed   injected;   Capillary   seconds,   few   broadening   in   used   topic   [3];   Split   Split   The   a   into   is  sample   enters   the   flow   large   There   because   split   the   small   very   fast   is   (the   resolution   introduced,   the  sample.   putting   by






















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