Page 141 - Basic Gas Chromatography
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127                                                  the   the   run   As   those   only   over   itself   group.   unique,   individ-   become   is   reten-   of   in
              References   a  +t   w  eo   NANNY   2,5   1,   11   12   2,   1,   produced   of   which   be   could   8.1b.   match   will   compounds   are   there   by   large   not   than   on  a relative   has   parameter   Kovats   classes   detectors   references.

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                                                          sample   know   to   standards   Figure   like   exactly   times   process   This   of  possible   Since   chromatograph   this  among   are   they   but   confirmation.   reproducible   reported   be   4)  Chapter   retention   a   the   identify   help   of   list   The   and




                                                   balance)   unknown   wished   one   n-alcohol   chromatogram   retention   n-alcohols.   alcohols.   are   number   characteristic.   gas   the   from   system,   qualitative   more   should   (see  Kovats   If   data.   classification,   to   used   sensitivity.   information

           Analysis   indexes                      density   an   that   If   8.1a.   of  series   a   whose   the   as   unknown   the   if   that   use,   compound   GC   a   of   for   used   are  volumes   data   to   retention   or   choose.   Detectors   be   high   further


           Qualitative   Retention   detector)     (gas    consider   Figure   a   producing   peaks   identified   the   effective   be   not   are   common   in   single   a   characteristic   be  cannot   qualitative   attributed   reporting   identification   to   Dual   sometimes   show   for



           For       time;   detectors   selective   chromatopyrography   chromatograph   in   n-alcohols,   conditions   those   be   of   not   will   volumes   compounds   identify   times   retention   so   index   for   qualitative   method   and   can   they   consulted

     Analysis   Methods   GC   parameters   time   retention   selective   GC  channel   (mass   MSD   MSD   methods   derivatization   Pre-column   Post-column   and   weight   example,   an   shown   were   identical   figure,   the   can  standards   components   procedure   large—retention   organic   to   used   are   times   retention   relative   volumes,   retention   method   for   good   a   is   Detectors   detectors   GC   which   to


     Qualitative   8.1  TABLE   Method   Retention   1.   Retention   Relative   of   Use   2.   Dual   On-line   or   MS   FTIR   Off-line   MS,   FTIR   NMR   UV   Other   3.   Chemical   Pyrolysis   Molecular   As   rate).   chromatogram   components   under   in  shown   the   of   the   if   work   This   is   30,000   be  cannot   Retention   GC   so   However,   retention   ual   The   basis.   reliable   a   used   be   to   index   tion












                                                                quantitative   this   of   most   i   net   at   Took   reten-   the   is   retention  since   couple   mass   a   GC-MS   analysis   methods.   ”   identity   the   if   phase   and   gas   flow



                                                 Analysis       qualitative   and   analysis,   with  begins   i   a   i   °   analysis   However,   common   to   qualitative  analysis.   Chapter   10.   for  qualitative   other   and   its   for   stationary   pressure  (carrier






                                            and                 both   for   for  quantitative   however, ,  It   i   used  qualitative   for   parameter.   identity,   is   it   (GC-MS)   for   detail   in   in   methods   used   these   of   used   be   can   constant:  length,   temperature,   and   126



                                            Qualitative   Quantitative   be   can   used   more   is   it   useful   devoted   topic;  s   that   to   analysis.   ANALYSIS   parameter   some  related  closely   cannot  confirm   peak   the   to  (MS)   GC   that   used  discussed   is   it   the   lists  common   most   a   is   1  summary  good   Parameters   for   time   solute  given   a   column variables   kept   are   (liquid  loading),















                                            8.                 Gas  chromatography   Because  analysis.   chapter   ter   is   qualitative   QUALITATIVE   chromatographic  The   volume   tion   or   parameters   spectrometer   widely   so   is   Table   8.1   Reference   GC.   in   Retention   retention   ane   following   its  thickness
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