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today show the continuing need for Pan-African based
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agenda. Although Africa and the African diaspora have
Quirin, J.A. (in press).African American perceptions of the Battle of Adwa,
made great progress in the last two centuries, work 1896–l1914. In S. Uhlig (Ed.), Proceedings of the Fifteenth International
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Further Reading Africanism. New York: Humanities Press.
Wallerstein, I. (1967). Africa: The politics of unity. New York: Vintage
Abdul-Raheem, T. (1996). Pan-Africanism: Politics, economy and social
change in the twenty-first century. London: Pluto Press. Books.
Ackah, W. B. (1999). Pan-Africanism: Exploring the contradictions. Zewde, B. (2002). Pioneers of change in Ethiopia: The reformist intellec-
Brookfield,VT: Ashgate. tuals of the early twentieth century. Oxford, UK: James Currey.
Appiah, K. A., & Gates, H. L., Jr. (Eds.). (1999). Africana: Encyclopedia
of the African and African American experience. New York: Basic Civ-
itas Books.
Brotz, H. (Ed.). (1992). African-American social and political thought,
1850–1920. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers. Paper
Cronon, E. D. (1969). Black Moses:The story of Marcus Garvey and the
Universal Negro Improvement Association (2nd ed.). Madison: Uni-
versity of Wisconsin Press. aper, a thin, feltlike material made of cellulosic fibers
Du Bois, W. E. B. (1961). The souls of black folk. Greenwich, CT: Faw-
cett. (Original work published 1903) Pfrom plants, is widely used around the world for
Du Bois, W. E. B. (1968). Autobiography. New York: International writing, drawing, and wrapping.The English word paper
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Foner, P. S. (Ed.). (1970). W. E. B. Du Bois speaks: Speeches and addresses, derives from the similar material used by ancient Egyp-
1890–1919. New York: Pathfinder. tians, Greeks, and Romans: papyrus.