Page 156 - Biofuels for a More Sustainable Future

142 Biofuels for a More Sustainable Future

Table 5.5 Sustainability indicators for the assessment of large-scale biomass power and
its alternatives

Sustainability
Issue Indicator Unit
Techno- Operability Capacity factor (power Percentage
economic output as a (%)
percentage of the
maximum possible
output)
Availability factor Percentage
(percentage of time a (%)
plant is available to
produce electricity)
Technical Summed
nondispatchability rank
(ramp-up rate, ramp-
down rate, minimum
up time, minimum
down time)
Economic Percentage
nondispatchability (%)
(ratio of capital cost
to total levelized
generation cost)
Lifetime of global fuel Years
reserves at current
extraction rates
Technological Ratio of plant flexibility Years 1
lock-in (ability to provide
resistance trigeneration,
negative GWP and/
or thermal/
thermochemical H 2
production) and
operational lifetime
Immediacy Time to plant start-up Months
from start of
construction
Levelized cost of Capital costs £/MWh
generation Operation and £/MWh
maintenance costs
Fuel costs £/MWh
Total levelized cost £/MWh
Cost variability Fuel price sensitivity Percentage
(ratio of fuel cost to (%)
total levelized
generation cost)