Page 232 - Biofuels for a More Sustainable Future

Inedible vegetable-oil based biodiesel in Northern Viet Nam 207

– Moreover, data on the land use of each biodiesel system indicates that
within current seed yield, the biodiesel system in Northern Viet Nam
can provide up to blend B100.
– Among the main stages in the entire biodiesel life cycle, the equal distri-
bution of economic profits between feedstock cultivation and biodiesel
production is fundamental for the practical application and future devel-
opment of the system. This issue raised the need for either the mutual
cooperation between oil crop cultivation practitioners and biodiesel pro-
duction practitioners or a corporation that can organize the two stages.
– As an alternative to petrodiesel, biodiesel systems of all the studied blends,
including B5, B10, B20, and B100, have demonstrated their promising
potential of enviro-economic benefited renewable sources. However,
since the sustainability determination of the higher blends is higher than
the lower ones, the application of higher biodiesel blends is recom-
mended under the particular circumstance.
– The replacement of petrodiesel with biodiesel has contributed to the sig-
nificant enhancement of human health. Biodiesel systems, nevertheless,
have led to the diminution of ecosystem quality. As the proportion of bio-
diesel in the blend increases, its pros as well as cons also increase. It is note-
worthy that although both biodiesel systems in Ha Noi and Quang Ninh
are sustainable, Ha Noi biodiesel system associated with the higher eco-
nomic development and Quang Ninh biodiesel system came with the
better quality of the environment.
Overall, an appropriate biodiesel system has to be neutral and balanced
among the three pillars of sustainable development: economic impacts, envi-
ronmental impacts, and social impacts (Elkington, 1998; World Commis-
sion on Environment and Development, 1987). Taking into account all
the discussed factors and considering the stability of the biodiesel system,
the higher blends of biodiesel are preferred. Furthermore, since the applica-
tion of up to B20 does not require diesel engine modification and has similar
engine performance to neat petrodiesel (No, 2011), the installation of B20 in
the North of Viet Nam is highly recommended.
Complying with the Energy Development Scheme of 5% biofuel in Viet
Nam, the B5 system should be implemented. To be more precise, the B5
development scheme needs to focus on the selection of high-yield feed-
stocks with the qualified biodiesel, as well as the location of biodiesel pro-
duction plants in order to minimize fuel distribution distance. Accordingly,
findings from this study suggest that to maximize the sustainable potential of
biodiesel system in Northern Viet Nam, the utilization of Pongamia