Page 377 - Biofuels for a More Sustainable Future

332 Biofuels for a More Sustainable Future

the three alternative pathways for bioethanol production may change with
respect to the criteria that may change when the stakeholders and decision-
makers have been changed.
In order to validate the developed fuzzy multicriteria decision making
method for sustainability assessment and ranking of alternative pathways
for biofuel production, the fuzzy sum weighted method (SWM) was also
employed to determine the sustainability sequence of these three pathways
for bioethanol production. These two methods were specified as follows.
As for the fuzzy SWM, the integrated priority of each alternative path-
way for biofuel production can be determined after determining the fuzzy
multicriteria decision-making matrix (see Eq. 11.11) by Eq. (11.26).
n
X
e e x ij e ω j i ¼ 1,2,…,m (11.26)
P i ¼
j¼1
where e P i represents the integrated priority of the ith alternative for biofuel
production.
According to the data presented in Table 11.4, the integrated priority of
each alternative pathway for biofuel production can be determined, as pre-
sented in Eqs. (11.27)–(11.29)

ð
ð
ð
P Wheat based ¼ 0:1, 0:3, 0:5Þ 0:9, 1:0, 1:0Þ +0:1, 0:3, 0:5Þ
(11.27)
ð
0:7, 0:9, 1:0Þ + ⋯ +0, 0, 0:1Þ 0:5, 0:7, 0:9Þ
ð
ð
¼ 0:6600, 1:8200, 3:5200Þ
ð
ð
ð
P Corn based ¼ 0:3, 0:5, 0:7ð Þ 0:9, 1:0, 1:0Þ +0:9, 1:0, 1:0Þ
(11.28)
0:7, 0:9, 1:0Þ + ⋯ +0:1, 0:3, 0:5Þ 0:5, 0:7, 0:9Þ
ð
ð
ð
ð
¼ 2:3700, 4:3700, 6:3300Þ
P Cassava based ¼ 0:5, 0:7, 0:9ð Þ 0:9, 1:0, 1:0Þ +0:5, 0:7, 0:9Þ
ð
ð
0:7, 0:9, 1:0Þ + ⋯ +0:9, 1:0, 1:0Þ 0:5, 0:7, 0:9Þ (11.29)
ð
ð
ð
ð
¼ 2:1100, 4:0900, 6:3000Þ
Then, the integrated priorities of the three alternative pathways for bio-
fuel production can be ranked according to Eq. (11.10), and it could be
obtained that P Corn-based P Cassava-based P Wheat-based . Therefore corn-based
pathway was recognized as the most sustainable, followed by cassava- and
wheat-based pathways, and the results determined by the fuzzy SWM are
consistent to that determined by the proposed fuzzy multicriteria decision
making in this study.