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viii BUILDING A SUCCESSFUL BOARD-TEST STRATEGY
7.7 To Screen or Not to Screen 213
7.8 Implementation Realities 214
7.9 Long-Term Effects 215
7.10 Case Studies 217
7.10.1 Analogic 217
7.10.2 Bendix 217
7.10.3 Hewlett-Packard (now Agilent Technologies) 218
7.11 Summary 218
Chapter 8 Evaluating Real Tester Speeds 219
8.1 Resolution and Skew 220
8.2 Voltage vs. Time 222
8.3 Other Uncertainties 224
8.4 Impact of Test-Method Choices 225
8.5 Summary 228
Chapter 9 Test-Program Development and Simulation 230
9.1 The Program-Generation Process 230
9.2 Cutting Test-Programming Time and Costs 232
9.3 Simulation vs. Prototyping 236
9.4 Design for Testability 237
9.5 Summary 239
Chapter 10 Test-Strategy Economics 241
10.1 Manufacturing Costs 242
10.2 Test-Cost Breakdown 243
10.2.1 Startup costs 244
10.2.2 Operating costs 246
10.2.3 Maintenance and Repair 248
10.3 Workload Analysis 249
10.4 An Order-of-Magnitude Rule Counterexample 251
10.5 Comparing Test Strategies 253
10.6 Break-Even Analysis 256
10.6.1 Payback Period 257
10.6.2 Accounting Rate of Return 258
10.6.3 The Time Value of Money 259
10.6.4 Net Present Value 260
10.6.5 Internal Rate of Return 262
10.7 Estimating Cash Flows 263
10.8 Assessing the Costs 264
10.9 Summary 265