Page 91 - Chalcogenide Glasses for Infrared Optics

Chalcogenide Glasses 69

before quenching. The transition elements titanium and vanadium
would be paired with silicon and germanium in sulfur-, selenium-,
and tellurium-based compositions. It was found that an open system
based on an arc welder would not work because the chalcogens were
immediately evolved. A closed system was devised in which the
ingredients were sealed in quartz vials supported by cylinders made
from BN or graphite. Melt temperatures of 1200 to 1700°C were
reached. It was found that Ti-Te, Ti-Se, and Ti-S bonds that were
formed were so strong that an amorphous chalcogen chain-ring struc-
ture could not form. Homogeneous melts at high temperatures did
form and were quenched, but the results were all crystalline. In place
of Ti and V, the other elements Zn, Mn, and Ni were used with Ge.
Some glasses with low softening points that transmitted infrared did
form. In other cases, two-phase glass and crystalline materials formed.
No tellurium-based glass was formed. No glass comparable to oxide
glasses resulted.

References
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7. J. Jerger and R. Sherwood, Contract No. Naval Office of Research-4212(00),
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Hilger Ltd., Bristol and Boston, 1985.
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16. A. R. Hilton, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Contract
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17. Physics and Chemistry of Glasses, vol. 7, 105-126 (1966).
Part 1, A. R. Hilton, C .E. Jones, and M. Brau
Part 2, A. R. Hilton and C. E. Jones
Part 3, A. R. Hilton, C. E. Jones, R. D. Dobrott, H. M. Klein, A. M. Bryant, and
T. D. George
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1996.
19. A. David Pearson, Electrochemical Society Meeting, Los Angeles, Calif., 1962.
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