Page 111 - Chemical and process design handbook

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AMMONIUM CHLORIDE

Ammonium chloride (NH Cl, density 1.52) is a white crystalline solid that
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decomposes at 350°C and sublimes at 520°C under controlled conditions.
It is also known as sal ammoniac and is soluble in water and in aqueous
solutions of ammonia; it is slightly soluble in methyl alcohol.
Ammonium chloride is produced by neutralizing hydrochloric acid
(HCl) with ammonia gas or with liquid ammonium hydroxide, and evapo-
rating the excess water, followed by drying, crystallizing, and screening
operations.
NH + HCl → NH Cl
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Ammonium chloride can also be produced in the gaseous phase by
reacting hydrogen chloride gas with ammonia.
Ammonium chloride is used as an ingredient of dry cell batteries, as a
soldering flux, as a processing ingredient in textile printing and hide tan-
ning, and as a starting material for the manufacture of other ammonium
chemicals.

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