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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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4.8. NOMENCLATURE
Dimensions
in MLT
T
G m Molar flow-rate of gas per unit area ML 2 1
g iok Fresh feed to unit i of component k MT 1
K k Equilibrium constant for component k
T
L m Liquid flow-rate per unit area ML 2 1
m Slope of equilibrium line
r s Fraction of total feed that goes to stream s
s Number of stages
x ak Concentration of component k in stream a
x bk Concentration of component k in stream b
x dk Concentration of component k in distillate
x fk Concentration of component k in feed
x wk Concentration of component k in bottom product
ik Total flow of component k to unit i MT 1
˛ jik Split-fraction coefficient : fraction of component k flowing from unit i to unit j

4.9. PROBLEMS
4.1. Monochlorobenzene is produced by the reaction of benzene with chlorine.
A mixture of monochlorobenzene and dichlorobenzene is produced, with a
small amount of trichlorobenzene. Hydrogen chloride is produced as a by-
product. Benzene is fed to the reactor in excess to promote the production of
monochlorobenzene.
The reactor products are fed to a condenser where the chlorobenzenes and
unreacted benzene are condensed. The condensate is separated from the non-
condensable gases in a separator. The non-condensables, hydrogen chloride and
unreacted chlorine, pass to an absorption column where the hydrogen chloride is
absorbed in water. The chlorine leaving the absorber is recycled to the reactor.
The liquid phase from the separator, chlorobenzenes and unreacted benzene, is
fed to a distillation column, where the chlorobenzenes are separated from the
unreacted benzene. The benzene is recycle to the reactor.