Page 164 - Color Atlas of Biochemistry

Carbohydrate Metabolism 155

A. Gluconeogenesis

Lactate
1 dehydrogenase Glucose
1.1.1.27
Glucose 6-phosphate Glucose
Pyruvate P O CH 2 H O HO CH 2
2
2 carboxylase
(biotin)6.4.1.1 H O OH H O OH
H 6 H
OH H OH H
Malate
3 dehydrogenase HO H HO H
1.1.1.37 H OH P H OH
gER
PEP
4 carboxykinase
4.1.1.32
Glucose 6-phosphate
Fructose 1,6-
5 bisphosphate P O CH 2 OH P P O CH 2 OH
3.1.3.11 O O
HHO HHO
Glucose 6- 5
6 phosphatase H CH OH H CH 2 O P
2
3.1.3.9 OH H H O OH H
2
Fructose 6-phosphate Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
7 Glycerol kinase
2.7.1.30
ATP ADP
Glycerol 3- 3-Phospho- 1,3-Bisphospho- Glyceraldehyde Glycerone
8 phosphate glycerate glycerate 3-phosphate 3-phosphate
dehydrogenase
1.1.1.8
NADH
8 +H
NAD NADH
NAD
2-Phospho- NADH+H NAD Glycerol
3 glycerate 3-phosphate

ADP
7
GTP GDP ATP

COO COO COO COO H C OH
2
4 1
C O C O P C O H C OH HC OH
Malate
CH 2 CO 2 CH 2 CH 3 CH 3 H C OH
2
COO Phospho- Pyruvate Lactate Glycerol
Oxaloacetate enolpyruvate

COO COO CO 2
COO
H C OH C O
3 2 C O
CH 2 CH 2
NAD NADH ADP ATP CH 3
COO +H COO
P
Pyruvate
Malate Oxaloacetate

Mitochrondrion Amino acids Glycerol

Cytoplasm Lactate

Amino acids

Koolman, Color Atlas of Biochemistry, 2nd edition © 2005 Thieme
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