Page 92 - Color Atlas of Biochemistry

Nucleic Acids 83

A. Ribonucleic acids (RNAs)

5' 3'

tRNA mRNA U1-snRNA
5'
3' 5' 5'

3'
5' 3'

16S-RNA 5S-rRNA 3'

tRNA rRNA Type mRNA snRNA

>50 4 Species per cell > 1000 ~ 10
74 - 95 120 - 5000 Length (b) 400 - 6000 100 - 300
10-20% 80% Proportion 5% < 1%
Long Long Lifespan Short Long
Translation Translation Function Translation Splicing

Phe
B. Transfer RNA (tRNA )
O O TΨ loop 5' Phe
C C
H 2 C NH HN NH
3'
H 2 C C HC C
N O 5' C O D loop
O CH 2 O CH 2
O O
H H H H
H H H H Variable
loop
O OH 3' A Phe O OH
C
C mRNA
Dihydrouridine (D) 5' A Pseudouridine (Ψ)
G C Anticodon
C G Codon
G C
G U TΨ loop Normal base
A U
U A C U * 2. Conformation pairing
U A C A Unusual base
D G A U GA C A G pairing
D A CU C * G C C U GU G
G U * T Y C
G GA GC G
G A G G *
* C G A
D loop C G 2'-O-methylguanidine (m G) 7-methylguanidine (m G)
7
2
A U
G C * Variable O O
A Y loop CH 3
* C A N C N C
U Y C NH C NH
G A A HC HC
Anticodon N C C N C C
* O CH 2 N NH 2 O CH 2 N NH
O O
1'
H
H
H
H
* Methylated base
H
H
H
3' H
O OCH 3 O OH
1. Structure
Koolman, Color Atlas of Biochemistry, 2nd edition © 2005 Thieme
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