Page 147 - Democracy and the Public Sphere

Notes

1 EXCAVATIONS: THE HISTORY OF A CONCEPT

1. J. Habermas, The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry
into a Category of Bourgeois Society, trans. T. Burger (Cambridge: Polity,
1989 [1962]), p. 7.
2. Ibid., pp. 15–17.
3. Although Habermas writes as a social theorist rather than historian, the
‘grand narrative’ of political centralisation is in fact treated with more
precision and with more acknowledgement of uneven developments
than I can do justice to here.
4. Habermas, Structural Transformation, p. 11.
5. Ibid., p. 18.
6. Ibid., p. 24.
7. Ibid., p. 15. Given the explosive consequences Habermas attributes to
the advent of mass printing, it is curious that communications media
have remained so glaringly under-theorised in his work overall. I address
this blind spot in Chapter 4.
8. Habermas, Structural Transformation, pp. 16–20.
9. Ibid., p. 24.
10. B. Anderson, Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread

of Nationalism (London: Verso, 1991).
11. Habermas, Structural Transformation, p. 21.
12. Habermas does not discuss the thesis, often dismissed as ‘technological
determinism’, that there was actually something inherent in the nature
of this new medium that contributed to the demise of representative
publicness. See M. McLuhan, Understanding Media: The Extensions of
Man (London: Routledge, 1994 [1964]).
13. Habermas, Structural Transformation, p. 24.
14. Ibid., p. 25.
15. Ibid., p. 34.
16. Ibid., pp. 37–8.
17. Ibid., p. 33.
18. Ibid., pp. 49–50.
19. Ibid., pp. 3, 52.
20. Ibid., p. 27.
21. Ibid., pp. 32, 39–41.
22. Ibid., p. 54.
23. Ibid., p. 42.
24. Ibid., p. 37.
25. Ibid., pp. 52–5.
26. Ibid., p. 28.
27. Ibid., pp. 73–9.
28. Ibid., p. 53.

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